Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib
This quantitative research was conducted in District Nankana Sahib. The size of the sample was 150 Female respondents. A convenient sampling technique was used for the assortment of the respondents. The questionnaire was used as a tool. The results revealed that the empowerment level of rural women in the household is low in district Nankana Sahib. Women are facing a lot of problems that create the main hurdle in the empowerment status of rural women. The result showed that 46.7 percent of women were illiterate and 26.7 percent of women had a primary level of education, 75.3 percent of women had no right to get a share in the inheritance property,only 39.3percent of women took decisions for the selection of their children spouse, 68.7percent women were monitoring child rearing activities, 54.0percent women were not taking decisions about disposable income for expenses. There is a highly positive association between age and decision-making autonomy, income and decision-making autonomy, and education and decision-making.
-
Women Empowerment, Decision Making autonomy, Household Management, Women Education, Property Rights, Physical mobility, Gender Discrimination, Health facilities.
-
(1) Farkhanda Anjum
Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
(2) Raheel Fatima
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Kanwal Asghar Awan
Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Punjab, Pakistan.
- Akbay, C., & Ababakr, S. H. (2018). The Obstacles of Rural Women Participation in Agricultural Development in Erbil Province of Iraq. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics and Sociology, 1(11),50-56.
- Allendorf, K. (2007). Do Women’s Land Rights Promote Empowerment and Child Health in Nepal? World Development, 35(11), 1975– 1988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.12.00 5
- Almandeel, S., Khalid, M. W., Samargandi, N., & Shah, A. H. (2019). Socio-Economic Factors and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan. International Economic Journal, 34(1), 144–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/10168737.2019.167774 2
- lvi, T. U. R., I. Hanif, I. Feryal, I. A. Waraich & N. Mortaza. (2012). Women Participation in Socio-Economic Development in Agriculture Areas of Pakistan.
- Anwar, B., M. Shoaib & S. Javed. (2013). Women’s autonomy and their role in decision making at household level a case of rural Sialkot, Pakistan. Journal of World Apply Sciences, 1(23), 129-136.
- Badsiwal, R. (2016). Rural Women and Marriage. Sociology and Criminology-Open Access, 04(01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2375- 4435.1000129
- Baig, I. A., Z. Batool, A. Ali, S. A. Baig, M. Hashim, & M. Zia-ur-Rehman. (2018). Impact of women empowerment on rural development in Southern Punjab in Pakistan . Journal of Quality and Quantity, 1(52),1861-1872.
- Bushra, A., & Nasra, W. (2015). Assessing the socio- economic determinants of women empowerment in Pakistan.†Procedia social and Behavioral science 177(2015);3-8.
- Dandona, A. (2015). Empowerment of women. A conceptual framework . The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2(4 ), 35-45.
- Deere, C. D, & Magdalena Leon, D. L. (2014). Empowering women: land and property rights in Latin America. University of Pittsburgh pre,
- Groake, J., & Gaborone. (2018). Leave no one behind in the fight against poverty. Exclusion and inequality. UNDP International Conference.
- Gupta, K & Yesudian, P. P. (2006). Evidence of women’s empowerment in India. A study of socio-spatial disparities . Journal Geo, 1(65),365-380.
- Ismail, A., Choudhry, A. N., & Mutalib, N. S. (2019). Socio-cultural factors affecting women economic empowerment in Pakistan. A situation analysis. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 1(9), 90-102.
- Jali, M. R. M & G. M. N. Islam. (2017). Empowering rural women in Pakistan. Empirical evidence from Southern Punjab. Journal of Quality and Quantity, 1(51),1777-1787.
- Kapur, R. (2019). Role of Women in the Management of household Responsibilities.
- Mariam. S. (2014). Women Empowerment and Economic Development –An Exploratory Study in Pakistan. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly 4(9), 163-170.
- Meinzen-Dick, R., S. Rubin, D. Elias, M. Mulema, A. A & E. Myers. (2019). Women’s empowerment in agriculture. Journals Lessons from qualitative research,17(19), 15-34.
- Noreen, S.(2011). Role of microfinance in empowerment of female population of Bahawalpur district. Journal of ICEFR. 4(20): 65-71.
- Riaz, S., & Pervaiz, Z. (2018). The impact of women’s education and employment on their empowerment: an empirical evidence from household level survey. Quality & Quantity, 52(6), 2855–2870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-018-0713-x
- Ross, K. L., Zereyesus, Y., Shanoyan A., & Amanor- Boadu. V. (2015). The health effects of women empowerment. recent evidence from Northern Ghana . Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. 1(18):127- 143.
- Senarath, U., & Nalika, S. G. (2009). Women’s Autonomy in Decision Making for Health Care in South Asia. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 21(2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539509331590
- Shamoo, A. E. B. R. Resnik. 2003. Responsible conduct of research. Oxford university press.
- Sultana, A. M. (2011). Factors effect on women autonomy and decision-making power within the household in rural communities. Journal of Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 1(7):18- 22.
- Zaman, U. R., Rahman, M. M., Hussain, S. M. A., & Zaki, M. (1970). Women Empowerment in Different Household Issues of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Journal, 37(2), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3591
Cite this article
-
APA : Anjum, F., Fatima, R., & Awan, K. A. (2022). Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib. Global Sociological Review, VII(I), 82-93. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-I).09
-
CHICAGO : Anjum, Farkhanda, Raheel Fatima, and Kanwal Asghar Awan. 2022. "Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib." Global Sociological Review, VII (I): 82-93 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-I).09
-
HARVARD : ANJUM, F., FATIMA, R. & AWAN, K. A. 2022. Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib. Global Sociological Review, VII, 82-93.
-
MHRA : Anjum, Farkhanda, Raheel Fatima, and Kanwal Asghar Awan. 2022. "Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib." Global Sociological Review, VII: 82-93
-
MLA : Anjum, Farkhanda, Raheel Fatima, and Kanwal Asghar Awan. "Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib." Global Sociological Review, VII.I (2022): 82-93 Print.
-
OXFORD : Anjum, Farkhanda, Fatima, Raheel, and Awan, Kanwal Asghar (2022), "Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib", Global Sociological Review, VII (I), 82-93
-
TURABIAN : Anjum, Farkhanda, Raheel Fatima, and Kanwal Asghar Awan. "Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib." Global Sociological Review VII, no. I (2022): 82-93. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-I).09