UNRAVELLING THE WEB OF FAKE NEWS UNDERSTANDING FACTORS INFLUENCING FAKE NEWS SHARING

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).20      10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).20      Published : Mar 2023
Authored by : Maryam Nadeem , Muhammad Usman Aslam , Sobia Shahzad

20 Pages : 211-220

References

  • Ahmed, S. (2022). Disinformation Sharing Thrives with Fear of Missing Out among Low Cognitive News Users: A Cross-national Examination of Intentional Sharing of Deep Fakes. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 66(1), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2022.2034826
  • Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 211–236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
  • Apuke, O. D., & Omar, B. (2020). Modelling the antecedent factors that affect online fake news sharing on COVID-19: the moderating role of fake news knowledge. Health Education Research, 35(5), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyaa030
  • Bode, L., & Vraga, E. K. (2015). In related news, that was wrong: the correction of misinformation through related stories functionality in social media. Journal of Communication, 65(4), 619– 638. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12166
  • Bruns, A., & Highfield, T. (2015). Is Habermas on Twitter?: Social media and the public sphere. In The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics (pp. 56-73). Routledge.
  • Bakshy, E., Messing, S., & Adamic, L. A. (2015). Political science. Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook. Science, 348(6239), 1130–1132. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160
  • Cheng, J., & Schäfer, M. S. (2020). The social media logic of political misinformation. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 25(3), 332-348.
  • Cialdini, R. B., & Goldstein, N. J. (2004). Social influence: Compliance and conformity. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 55, 591-621.
  • Cialdini, R. B. (2009). Influence: Science and practice (Vol. 4). Boston, MA: Pearson education.
  • Del Vicario, M., Bessi, A., Zollo, F., Petroni, F., Scala, A., Caldarelli, G., Stanley, H. E., & Quattrociocchi, W. (2016). The spreading of misinformation online. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(3), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517441113
  • Egelhofer, J. L., & Lecheler, S. (2019). Fake news as a two-dimensional phenomenon: a framework and research agenda. Annals of the International Communication Association, 43(2), 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2019.1602782
  • Fletcher, R., & Nielsen, R. K. (2017). Are news audiences increasingly fragmented? A Cross- National Comparative Analysis of Cross- Platform News Audience Fragmentation and Duplication. Journal of Communication, 67(4), 476–498. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12315
  • Gelfert, A. (2018). Fake news: A definition. Informal logic, 38(1), 84-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v38i1.5068
  • uess, A. M., Nagler, J., & Tucker, J. A. (2019). Less than you think: Prevalence and predictors of fake news dissemination on Facebook. Science Advances, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau4586
  • Guess, A.M., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2018). Selective exposure to misinformation: Evidence from the consumption of fake news during the 2016 US presidential campaign. https://www.american.edu/spa/ccps/politics-of-truth/upload/nyhan-american.pdf
  • Guess, A. M., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2020). Exposure to untrustworthy websites in the 2016 US election. Nature human behaviour, 4(5), 472-480. https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41562-020-0833-x
  • Handarkho, Y. D. (2020). Impact of social experience on customer purchase decision in the social commerce context. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 22(1), 47–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/jsit-05-2019-0088
  • Hao, K., & Heaven, W. D. (2020). The year deepfakes went mainstream. MIT Technology Review. Retrieved, 4(25), 2021. https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/12/2 4/1015380/best-ai-deepfakes-of-2020
  • Iyengar, S., & Hahn, K. S. (2009). Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use. Journal of Communication, 59(1), 19- 39. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x
  • Kim, A., & Dennis, A. R. (2019). Says who? The effects of presentation format and source rating on fake news in social media. Mis quarterly, 43(3), 1025-1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2019/15188
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, S., Johnson, B. K., & Westerwick, A. (2015). Confirmation bias. In The international encyclopedia of interpersonal communication (pp. 1-11). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Larson, H., De Figueiredo, A., Zhao, X., Schulz, W., Verger, P., Johnston, I. G., Cook, A. R., & Jones, N. (2016). The State of Vaccine Confidence 2016: Global Insights through a 67-Country survey. EBioMedicine, 12, 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042
  • Lazer, D., Baum, M., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., Metzger, M. J., Nyhan, B., Pennycook, G., Rothschild, D., Schudson, M., Sloman, S. A., Sunstein, C. R., Thorson, E., Watts, D. J., & Zittrain, J. (2018). The science of fake news. Science, 359(6380), 1094–1096. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao2998
  • Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., Seifert, C. M., Schwarz, N., & Cook, J. (2012). Misinformation and Its Correction: Continued Influence and Successful Debiasing. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13(3), 106–131. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23484653
  • Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., & Cook, J. (2017). Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the “post-truth” era. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(4), 353–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.07.008
  • Maheshwari, S. (2016). How fake news goes viral: A case study. The New York Times, 20. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/20/business/media/how-fake-news-spreads.html
  • Munson, S. A., & Resnick, P. (2010). Presenting diverse political opinions: How and how much. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1457- 1466). http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753543
  • Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2010). When corrections fail: The persistence of political misperceptions. Political Behavior, 32(2), 303- 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2
  • Pennycook, G., Bear, A., Collins, E. T., & Rand, D. G. (2020). The implied truth effect: Attaching warnings to a subset of fake news headlines increases perceived accuracy of headlines without warnings. Management Science, 66(11), 4944-4957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3478
  • Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2021). The psychology of fake news. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(5), 388–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.02.007
  • Pennycook, G. (2019). Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning. Cognition, 188, 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.011
  • Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2019). Fighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source quality. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(7), 2521-2526. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806781116
  • Shin, J., & Thorson, K. (2017). Partisan selective sharing: The biased diffusion of fact-checking messages on social media. Journal of Communication, 67(2), 233-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12284
  • Tsai, W. H. S., & Men, L. R. (2017). Social CEOs: The effects of CEOs’ communication styles and parasocial interaction on social networking sites. New media & society, 19(11), 1848-1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816643922
  • Vosoughi, S., Roy, D., & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359(6380), 1146–1151. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559
  • Vraga, E. K., & Tully, M. (2019). “I Don't Trust Them”: The Influence of Para-Social Interaction and Source Cues on Fake News Perceptions. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 24(3), 107-124.
  • Wardle, C., & Derakhshan, H. (2017). Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policymaking (Vol. 27, pp. 1-107). Strasbourg: Council of Europe. https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-researc/168076277c
  • Zubiaga, A., Aker, A., Bontcheva, K., Liakata, M., & Procter, R. (2018). Detection and resolution of rumours in social media: A survey. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 51(2), 1-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3161603

References

  • Ahmed, S. (2022). Disinformation Sharing Thrives with Fear of Missing Out among Low Cognitive News Users: A Cross-national Examination of Intentional Sharing of Deep Fakes. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 66(1), 89–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2022.2034826
  • Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 211–236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
  • Apuke, O. D., & Omar, B. (2020). Modelling the antecedent factors that affect online fake news sharing on COVID-19: the moderating role of fake news knowledge. Health Education Research, 35(5), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyaa030
  • Bode, L., & Vraga, E. K. (2015). In related news, that was wrong: the correction of misinformation through related stories functionality in social media. Journal of Communication, 65(4), 619– 638. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12166
  • Bruns, A., & Highfield, T. (2015). Is Habermas on Twitter?: Social media and the public sphere. In The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics (pp. 56-73). Routledge.
  • Bakshy, E., Messing, S., & Adamic, L. A. (2015). Political science. Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook. Science, 348(6239), 1130–1132. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160
  • Cheng, J., & Schäfer, M. S. (2020). The social media logic of political misinformation. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 25(3), 332-348.
  • Cialdini, R. B., & Goldstein, N. J. (2004). Social influence: Compliance and conformity. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 55, 591-621.
  • Cialdini, R. B. (2009). Influence: Science and practice (Vol. 4). Boston, MA: Pearson education.
  • Del Vicario, M., Bessi, A., Zollo, F., Petroni, F., Scala, A., Caldarelli, G., Stanley, H. E., & Quattrociocchi, W. (2016). The spreading of misinformation online. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(3), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517441113
  • Egelhofer, J. L., & Lecheler, S. (2019). Fake news as a two-dimensional phenomenon: a framework and research agenda. Annals of the International Communication Association, 43(2), 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2019.1602782
  • Fletcher, R., & Nielsen, R. K. (2017). Are news audiences increasingly fragmented? A Cross- National Comparative Analysis of Cross- Platform News Audience Fragmentation and Duplication. Journal of Communication, 67(4), 476–498. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12315
  • Gelfert, A. (2018). Fake news: A definition. Informal logic, 38(1), 84-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v38i1.5068
  • uess, A. M., Nagler, J., & Tucker, J. A. (2019). Less than you think: Prevalence and predictors of fake news dissemination on Facebook. Science Advances, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau4586
  • Guess, A.M., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2018). Selective exposure to misinformation: Evidence from the consumption of fake news during the 2016 US presidential campaign. https://www.american.edu/spa/ccps/politics-of-truth/upload/nyhan-american.pdf
  • Guess, A. M., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2020). Exposure to untrustworthy websites in the 2016 US election. Nature human behaviour, 4(5), 472-480. https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41562-020-0833-x
  • Handarkho, Y. D. (2020). Impact of social experience on customer purchase decision in the social commerce context. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 22(1), 47–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/jsit-05-2019-0088
  • Hao, K., & Heaven, W. D. (2020). The year deepfakes went mainstream. MIT Technology Review. Retrieved, 4(25), 2021. https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/12/2 4/1015380/best-ai-deepfakes-of-2020
  • Iyengar, S., & Hahn, K. S. (2009). Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use. Journal of Communication, 59(1), 19- 39. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x
  • Kim, A., & Dennis, A. R. (2019). Says who? The effects of presentation format and source rating on fake news in social media. Mis quarterly, 43(3), 1025-1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2019/15188
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, S., Johnson, B. K., & Westerwick, A. (2015). Confirmation bias. In The international encyclopedia of interpersonal communication (pp. 1-11). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Larson, H., De Figueiredo, A., Zhao, X., Schulz, W., Verger, P., Johnston, I. G., Cook, A. R., & Jones, N. (2016). The State of Vaccine Confidence 2016: Global Insights through a 67-Country survey. EBioMedicine, 12, 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042
  • Lazer, D., Baum, M., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., Metzger, M. J., Nyhan, B., Pennycook, G., Rothschild, D., Schudson, M., Sloman, S. A., Sunstein, C. R., Thorson, E., Watts, D. J., & Zittrain, J. (2018). The science of fake news. Science, 359(6380), 1094–1096. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao2998
  • Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., Seifert, C. M., Schwarz, N., & Cook, J. (2012). Misinformation and Its Correction: Continued Influence and Successful Debiasing. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13(3), 106–131. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23484653
  • Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K. H., & Cook, J. (2017). Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the “post-truth” era. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(4), 353–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.07.008
  • Maheshwari, S. (2016). How fake news goes viral: A case study. The New York Times, 20. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/20/business/media/how-fake-news-spreads.html
  • Munson, S. A., & Resnick, P. (2010). Presenting diverse political opinions: How and how much. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1457- 1466). http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753543
  • Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2010). When corrections fail: The persistence of political misperceptions. Political Behavior, 32(2), 303- 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2
  • Pennycook, G., Bear, A., Collins, E. T., & Rand, D. G. (2020). The implied truth effect: Attaching warnings to a subset of fake news headlines increases perceived accuracy of headlines without warnings. Management Science, 66(11), 4944-4957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3478
  • Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2021). The psychology of fake news. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25(5), 388–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.02.007
  • Pennycook, G. (2019). Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning. Cognition, 188, 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.011
  • Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2019). Fighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source quality. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(7), 2521-2526. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806781116
  • Shin, J., & Thorson, K. (2017). Partisan selective sharing: The biased diffusion of fact-checking messages on social media. Journal of Communication, 67(2), 233-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12284
  • Tsai, W. H. S., & Men, L. R. (2017). Social CEOs: The effects of CEOs’ communication styles and parasocial interaction on social networking sites. New media & society, 19(11), 1848-1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816643922
  • Vosoughi, S., Roy, D., & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359(6380), 1146–1151. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap9559
  • Vraga, E. K., & Tully, M. (2019). “I Don't Trust Them”: The Influence of Para-Social Interaction and Source Cues on Fake News Perceptions. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 24(3), 107-124.
  • Wardle, C., & Derakhshan, H. (2017). Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policymaking (Vol. 27, pp. 1-107). Strasbourg: Council of Europe. https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-researc/168076277c
  • Zubiaga, A., Aker, A., Bontcheva, K., Liakata, M., & Procter, R. (2018). Detection and resolution of rumours in social media: A survey. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 51(2), 1-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3161603

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Nadeem, M., Aslam, M. U., & Shahzad, S. (2023). Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing. Global Sociological Review, VIII(I), 211-220. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).20

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Nadeem, Maryam, Muhammad Usman Aslam, and Sobia Shahzad. 2023. "Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing." Global Sociological Review, VIII (I): 211-220 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).20

HARVARD

    HARVARD : NADEEM, M., ASLAM, M. U. & SHAHZAD, S. 2023. Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing. Global Sociological Review, VIII, 211-220.

MHRA

    MHRA : Nadeem, Maryam, Muhammad Usman Aslam, and Sobia Shahzad. 2023. "Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing." Global Sociological Review, VIII: 211-220

MLA

    MLA : Nadeem, Maryam, Muhammad Usman Aslam, and Sobia Shahzad. "Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing." Global Sociological Review, VIII.I (2023): 211-220 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Nadeem, Maryam, Aslam, Muhammad Usman, and Shahzad, Sobia (2023), "Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing", Global Sociological Review, VIII (I), 211-220

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Nadeem, Maryam, Muhammad Usman Aslam, and Sobia Shahzad. "Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. I (2023): 211-220. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).20