ARTICLE

ROLE OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF FEMALE COLLEGE TEACHERS OF BAHAWALPUR CITY

44 Pages : 444-454

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44      10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44      Published : Mar 2023

Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City

    This investigation is about the role of an eight-week aerobic training program on the physical fitness and body composition of female college teachers. Sixty participants were divided into an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The selected variables were skinfolds, girths, lengths, breadths, agility, flexibility, 30-meter race, set-up, and skipping rope. All measurements were obtained before starting the aerobic training program and post-test after eight weeks of training. One-way ANOVAs were employed for comparative analysis between the experimental and control groups. Results indicated the experimental group significantly improved in iliac-crest skinfold (p < .02), arm girth (p < .00), thigh girth (p < .05), 30 m run (p < .00), flexibility (p < .00), set-up (p < .00), and skipping rope (p < .00). It is concluded that eight-week aerobic training is suitable female college teachers to improve physical fitness and reduce body fats.

    Aerobic Training, Physical Fitness, Body Composition, Health Status
    (1) Sidra Naz
    Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Government Post Graduate College (w), Dubai Mahal, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Ishrat Naheed
    Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Zafar Hussain
    Senior Clerk, Sadiq Egerton College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Association, A. D. (2021). Improving care and promoting health in populations: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021. Diabetes Care, 44(1), S7-S14. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-s001
  • Beddoes, Z. E., Prusak, K. A., & Barney, D. (2019). Taking the helm: Physical educators managing change through professional learning communities. Quest, 71(4), 479-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2018.1556169
  • Biddle, S. J. H., Gorely, T., & Stensel, D. J. (2004). Health-enhancing physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(8), 679–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001712412
  • Bjelica, B., Milanović, L., Aksović, N., Zelenović, M., & Božić, D. (2020). Effects of physical activity to cardiorespiratory changes. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 6(4), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.832955
  • Brown, B. M., Frost, N., Rainey-Smith, S. R., Doecke, J., Markovic, S., Gordon, N., & Peiffer, J. J. (2021). High-intensity exercise and cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: a pilot randomised clinical trial. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 13(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00774-y
  • Castelli, D. M., & Valley, J. A. (2007). Chapter 3: The Relationship of Physical fitness and Motor Competence to Physical activity. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 26(4), 358–374. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.26.4.358
  • Chesham, R. A., Booth, J. N., Sweeney, E. L., Ryde, G. C., Gorely, T., Brooks, N. E., & Moran, C. N. (2018). The Daily Mile makes primary school children more active, less sedentary and improves their fitness and body composition: a quasi experimental pilot study. BMC medicine, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1049-z
  • Courneya, K. S., & Friedenreich, C. M. (1999). Utility of the theory of planned behavior for understanding exercise during breast cancer treatment. Psycho-Oncology, 8(2), 112–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199903/04)8:2
  • Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., & Smith, B. (2009). Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181949333
  • Donnelly, J. E., Honas, J. J., Smith, B. K., Mayo, M. S., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K. & Washburn, R. A. (2013). Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity, 21(3), E219-E228.
  • Görner, K., & Reineke, A. (2020). The influence of endurance and strength training on body composition and physical fitness in female students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2013-2020.
  • Hallam, S. (2010). The power of music: Its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people. International Journal of Music Education, 28(3), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761410370658
  • Haskell, W. L., Lee, I., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., Macera, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health. Circulation, 116(9), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.107.185649
  • Hassan, S. S., Williams, G. A., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2018). Emerging technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology, 262, 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.099
  • Healey, M. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2016). A four- component model of age-related memory change. Psychological Review, 123(1), 23–69. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000015
  • Heileson, J. L., McGowen, J. M., Moris, J. M., Chapman-Lopez, T., Torres, R., Funderburk, L., & Forsse, J. S. (2022). Body Composition, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Vitamin D are Associated with Army Combat Fitness Test Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2094717
  • Heinonen, A., Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Oja, P., Pasanen, M., Rinne, M., Uusi‐Rasi, K., & Vuori, I. (1996). Randomised controlled trial of effect of high-impact exercise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. The Lancet, 348(9038), 1343–1347. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)04214-6
  • Hillman, C. H., Kamijo, K., & Scudder, M. R. (2011). A review of chronic and acute physical activity participation on neuroelectric measures of brain health and cognition during childhood. Preventive Medicine, 52, S21–S28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.024
  • Ilesanmi-Oyelere, B. L., Roy, N. C., & Kruger, M. C. (2021). Modulation of bone and joint biomarkers, gut microbiota, and inflammation status by synbiotic supplementation and Weight- Bearing Exercise: Human Study Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(10), e30131. https://doi.org/10.2196/30131
  • Kahn, S. E., & Hull, R. L. (2006). Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature, 444(7121), 840–846. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05482
  • Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., & French, D. N. (2002). Resistance training for health and performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 1(3), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200206000-00007
  • Liu, Y., Liu, J., Johnson, B. A., Xia, H., Ku, Z., Schindewolf, C., Widen, S. G., An, Z., Weaver, S. C., Menachery, V. D., Xie, X., & Shi, P. (2022). Delta spike P681R mutation enhances SARS-CoV-2 fitness over Alpha variant. Cell Reports, 39(7), 110829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110829
  • López-Ortega, M., & Arroyo, P. (2016). Anthropometric characteristics and body composition in Mexican older adults: age and sex differences. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(3), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004626
  • Morgan, P. J., Young, M. D., Barnes, A. T., Eather, N., Pollock, E. R., & Lubans, D. R. (2019). Engaging fathers to increase physical activity in girls: the “dads and daughters exercising and empowered”(DADEE) randomized controlled trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 53(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay015
  • Nara, K., Kumar, P., Rathee, R., Kumar, S., Ahlawat, R. P., Sharma, J., & Singh, S. (2022). Grip strength performance as a determinant of body composition, muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(7), 1618-1625. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.07203
  • Newman, A. B., Kupelian, V., Visser, M., Simonsick, E. M., Goodpaster, B. H., Kritchevsky, S., Tylavsky, F., Rubin, S. M., & Harris, T. B. (2006). Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 61(1), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.1.72
  • Nobari, H., Castillo, D., Clemente, F. M., Carlos- Vivas, J., & Perez-Gomez, J. (2022). Acute, chronic and acute/chronic ratio between starters and non-starters professional soccer players across a competitive season. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 236(4), 285-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371211016594
  • Okely, A. D., & Booth, M. (2004). Mastery of fundamental movement skills among children in New South Wales: prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 7(3), 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80031-8
  • Picard, M. É., Tauveron, I., Magdasy, S., Benichou, T., Bagheri, R., Ugbolue, U. C., Navel, V., & Dutheil, F. (2021). Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(5), e0251863. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251863
  • Razzak, Z. A., Khan, A., & Farooqui, S. I. (2019). Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on estrogen level, fat mass, and muscle mass among postmenopausal osteoporotic females. PubMed, 13(4), 10–16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341450
  • Remmers, T., Sleddens, E. F. C., Gubbels, J. S., De Vries, S., Mommers, M., Penders, J., Kremers, S., & Thijs, C. (2014). Relationship between Physical Activity and the Development of Body Mass Index in Children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(1), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3182a36709
  • Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of neural transmission, 116, 777-784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-008-0092-x
  • Swift, D. L., Lavie, C. J., Johannsen, N. M., Arena, R., Earnest, C. P., O’Keefe, J. H., Milani, R. V., Blair, S. N., & Church, T. S. (2013). Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training in primary and secondary coronary prevention. Circulation Journal, 77(2), 281–292. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-13-0007
  • Tremblay, M. S., Barnes, J. D., Demchenko, I., González, S. A., Brazo-Sayavera, J., Kalinowski, J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Manyanga, T., Reilly, J. J., Wong, S. H., & Aubert, S. (2022). Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Global Matrix 4.0—A resource for physical activity researchers. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 19(11), 693–699. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0257
  • Vehrs, P. R., & Hager, R. (2006). Assessment and interpretation of body composition in physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 77(7), 46–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2006.10597907
  • Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: What should we recommend? Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024
  • Warburton, D. E. R., Jamnik, V., Bredin, S. S. D., Shephard, R. J., & Gledhill, N. (2018). The 2018 Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) and electronic Physical Activity Readiness Medical Examination (ePARmed-X+): 2018 PAR-Q+. The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, 11(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.14288/hfjc.v11i1.260
  • Westcott, W. L. (2012). Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health. Current sports medicine reports, 11(4), 209-216.
  • Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831–1837. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011
  • Zhang, Y., Sichen, L., Li, Y., Li, X., Ren, P., & Luo, F. (2019). The relationships between weight status and physical fitness among Chinese children and youth. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 90(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1603768

Cite this article

    APA : Naz, S., Naheed, I., & Hussain, M. Z. (2023). Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City. Global Sociological Review, VIII(I), 444-454. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44
    CHICAGO : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. 2023. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII (I): 444-454 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44
    HARVARD : NAZ, S., NAHEED, I. & HUSSAIN, M. Z. 2023. Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City. Global Sociological Review, VIII, 444-454.
    MHRA : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. 2023. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII: 444-454
    MLA : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII.I (2023): 444-454 Print.
    OXFORD : Naz, Sidra, Naheed, Ishrat, and Hussain, Muhammad Zafar (2023), "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City", Global Sociological Review, VIII (I), 444-454
    TURABIAN : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. I (2023): 444-454. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44