Abstract

Alliances are popular in democracies when there are no prominent national political parties because a single party cannot govern a nation. Many personalities played an important role in the formation and working of the alliances. One of the stalwarts among those leaders is the name of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He spent a considerable portion of his political life in the struggle against military and civilian dictators for strengthening parliamentary democracy. The research aims to investigate Nawabzada Nasarullah’s political biography. It highlights his position and tactics against civilian dictators distinguished by his steadfast dedication to democratic values, the galvanization of public opinion, the creation of alliances, the filing of legal challenges, the promotion of his cause on a global scale, and his ability to persevere in the face of difficulty. His contributions significantly influenced the political scene of Pakistan and emphasized the value of democratic leadership.

Key Words

Alliances, Biography, Nasrallah Khan

Introduction

Democracy in developing nations, especially in Pakistan, is dealing with an ongoing issue of civilian authority consolidation. The effectiveness of the state system in a democracy is determined by the interaction between the governing body and the opposition as well as the regional governments (Rehman, Khan & Khan, 2017). Political parties are an essential component of the democratic system. Without electoral bodies, no democracy can function properly. They play an important role in moving the process of democracy forward and defining the shape it takes. Furthermore, parties give a political and social framework for addressing societal problems. Political parties represent a politician's political goals and objectives. After all, today's politicians without a party are like fish out of water(Qaiser, 2004). Democracy, political parties, and elections are all inextricably linked. Parties in politics are an essential component of the political system; without powerful party structures, no democratic system will work properly. (Hofmeister & Karsten, 2011).

Alliances are popular in democracies when there are no prominent national political parties because a single party cannot form a government at the national level. To overcome this barrier, compromise leads to an alliance and, eventually, coalition governments emerge. Alliances are established even for the purpose of mounting an election campaign and deposing illegal management (Iftikhar, 2022). The elements that influence the development of political alliances are typically governed by the political culture of the society in which they are created. It is worth noting that the forging of political alliances and the emergence of coalitions has become a typical aspect of national politics in nations with a multi-party system. Even in countries with a bipartisan political system, an alliance may form under very unusual circumstances (Qaiser, 2004).

In Pakistan, alliances were formed to restore democracy. Many personalities played important roles in the formation and working of the alliances. One of the stalwarts among those leaders is the name of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He spent a considerable portion of his political life in the struggle against military and civilian dictators for strengthening parliamentary democracy. His name was a symbol of a reliable voice of opposition. He was the leader who stood against authoritarian rulers throughout his political life. He was a sign of challenge to the military dictators than other opposition leaders. Almighty Allah had given him the unique quality to unite the diverse political leaders around the fundamental agenda of supremacy and rule of the constitution. 

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan fought for democracy throughout his life. His career is considered a triumph for democratic forces in Pakistan. He remained the most popular and strong opposition leader who had the unique quality to assemble opposition parties on one platform against civil and military dictatorship. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan is called the father of democracy. The greatest quality of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was that he considered himself a Muslim first and then a true Pakistani. He never talked of regional, linguistic or racial politics. Rather he always talked of Pakistan. He was also not indulged in police station or court politics which has been a part of Pakistan’s politics. During his election campaign, when people talked of their local problems, he used to say, “Your all problems will be solved if democracy prevails in the country.”He was one of those politicians whose political stature was not linked with election results. His personality was a training institute for political workers. All political leaders including Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman used to say that they had learned a lot from Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan (Khan, 2023).

Hakim Rashat Nasim Soharwrdi writes, “The brother of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, Nawabzada Saeed Ullah Khan told that Syed Atta Ullah Shah Bokhari said in many political meetings that when Almighty Allah will ask me on the Day of Judgment what you have done in the world? I will proudly reply that I have trained Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan”. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan proved himself as his true political representative. He proved himself the Sun in the sky of politics whose light will always be a light mare for the students of politics (Aaj, 2019).

There is a need to understand the opposition politics of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. Therefore the main objective and research question of this research paper is to what extent was Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan successful in establishing democratic norms in the political system of Pakistan?

Literature Review

Democracy is called the voice of the people. For a democratic society, the role and presence of opposition is given proper importance. Opposition is meant to keep the government on the right track. Pakistan is an Islamic democratic state. In this democratic country, opposition parties also emerged to keep a check on the government. Some renowned politicians played a very dynamic and active role in the growth of opposition. Among these, a leading name that defended the case of democracy in Pakistan on all fronts is the name of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He was a very brave and courageous leader who was fearless of anything. He spent his political life in the struggle for the restoration of democracy in the country. The work of the 'Father of Democracy' needs to be explored. 

According to Parveen (2017), Nasar Ullah Khan was a strong opponent of the British rulers. He joined Majlis-i-Ahrar which was fighting against the British Raj as a revolutionary group (Parveen, 2017). According to Awan (2010), Majlis-I-Ihrar Islam's politics came to an end after Pakistan was created because they disagreed with the Muslim League's viewpoint. Furthermore, Majlis-I-Ihrar Islam had no place in actual politics. In light of the situation, they changed their plan of action and started operating as a religious party. He remained a member of Majlis-i-Ahrar till the partition of India (Awan, 2010).

Munir (1993) described in his book “Pakistan k Siasi Ittehad”, the politics of Pakistan since its inception and the role of opposition in countering the governments. Moreover, he also highlighted different political alliances which were formed to exert pressure on the government. Muneer threw light on the role of different opposition leaders in their struggle against dictators. He described the role of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan as a powerful alliance maker.

Yonus (1993) in his Urdu work, “Siasi Ittehad Aur Pakistan Ki Siasat Par Un K Asrat, 1947-1990", highlighted the role of opposition alliances in a democratic country. He elaborated on the formation of these alliances, their need, and their achievements. He also described the role of Nasrullah Khan in appreciating words because of his extraordinary qualities of making an alliance against a dictator.

The regime of General Ayub, Nawabzada Nasarullah Khan was the first individual to form an alliance known as the National Democratic Front (NDF). Both sides east and west were represented in this coalition. According to the Nawabzada, the coalition requested the repeal of the Constitution of 1962 and a resurgence of Pakistan's Parliamentary Democratic system. In those days, General Ayub Khan operationalized political party acts to break up opponents. In response, the opposition's management met in Karachi at Lakhum House on February 28, 1963, and publicly criticised government policies. 138 politicians, including Nawabzad, were arrested and imprisoned during this general meeting. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan formed another coalition referred to as the National Democratic Front (NDF), which ultimately became the National Democratic Party (NDP), but it failed owing to government pressure (Hussian, 2006).

Wakeel (1992) argues that Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan played a significant role in the struggle for the restoration of democracy in Pakistan. Throughout his political career, he actively participated in movements and alliances that aimed to resist military regimes and establish civilian rule in the country. One of the notable periods of his struggle for the restoration of democracy was during the military regime of General Ayub Khan, who came to power through a coup in 1958. Nasrullah Khan vehemently opposed General Ayub Khan's autocratic rule and worked towards mobilizing opposition against his regime. Here is a breakdown of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's struggle for the restoration of democracy in Pakistan (Wakeel, 1992).

Azad (2003) described that Nawabzada’s PDP first joined with General Zia during the early stages of his rule, but he soon realized the seriousness of the situation and left. Nawabzada Nasarullah Khan started a conversation with PPP officials. He did a really good job of it. He started organizing and mobilizing all democratic forces in 1980 in order to work together to overthrow the dictatorial government. After completing the first phase of success, the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) was formally established. The turning point of this movement occurred in the year 1983. In opposition to military control, MRD announced the civil disobedience movement. In order to prevent this movement, the authorities dealt with an iron hand. Nawabzada Nasarullah Khan was detained and imprisoned during the MRD movement and protests. After Haq's passing in 1988, MRD suffered when its main constituent, the PPP, chose to run alone in a free and fair election. Nasrullah Nasarullah Khan was chosen to serve in the assembly, but he disagreed with the new Benazir Bhutto-led administration. He reconciled with Benazir Bhutto, though, during her second term in office in 1993, and rose to the position of chair of the Kashmir committee, travelling widely to raise awareness of the Kashmiri problem. After General Musharraf took over in a military coup in 1999, his last act as opposed to the establishment figure was the creation of the Alliance for the Restoration of Democracy (ARD). Since then, Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan has devoted his time to turning the ARD into an acceptable pro-democracy force in opposition to the escalating dictatorship of the military (Azad, 2003). 

General Pervez Musharraf imposed an emergency in the country on October 12th, 1999. The most well-known opponent of General Musharraf’s despotic reign was Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He once more got highly involved in forming an alliance to oppose military dominance. The final and most major accomplishment of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was the creation of the Alliance for the Restoration of Democracy (ARD) (Azad, 2003). He established a separate political organization in 1969, calling it the Pakistan Jamhuri Party, and rose to the position of vice president. Following the 1970 general election, he formed the PNA alliance with the help of the regional political parties. Nawabzada Nasrullaha Khan was a key organizer of the MRD movement and, during the General Mushraff period once more, he created another alliance called ARD to fight military dictatorship. The PPP and PML N were the two major political parties in this alliance, whereas ARD was solely an anti-martial law coalition (Lust for Power, 2001). LFO (Legal Framework Order) 2002 was introduced by General Musharraf. Because it would provide General Musharraf legal grounds to become President, ARD was against it (Mushtaq, 2015)

Rohde (2003) described that the history of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's protracted, tragic fight sheds light on Pakistan's lack of success as a democratic nation. For most of its history, Pakistan was governed by military dictators. Because of frequent coups and vicious political infighting, no civilian government has ever served out its entire term. India and Afghanistan, Pakistan's neighbours to the east and west accuse the country of cultivating and exporting a virulent and violent brand of Islamic militancy. And its 240 million inhabitants continue to be among the world’s poorest. His supporters claimed that Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan exemplified the ideal of a Pakistani civil leader. He was a member of a political class that was alleged to be crooked, opportunistic, and competitive for power. Gen. Zia ul-Haq, the military dictator of Pakistan at the time, put him under house arrest there for five years in the 1980s. The general allegedly dispatched many emissaries to appease him. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan remained steadfast (Rohde, 2003).

Theoretical Framework

The data and facts gathered are further analyzed by a theoretical framework using political leadership theory. Politicians usually have a connection with getting political objectives without naturally coordinating implies ends, and implications, unlike political leaders who have both responsibilities. “The difference serves two purposes: on the one hand, it emphasizes the primacy of leadership over achieving in a political setting, even though both personalities may hold the same or similar offices. It distinguishes between the intentions of the individual and roles based on approaches to carrying out the mandate and not on functions” (Joensuu &Niiranen, 2018). According to Teles (2012), political leadership is a game-changer because it significantly impacts a number of social outcomes. Numerous times, the importance of political leadership has been emphasized. A large amount of literature backs up this claim (Peele, 2005). According to King et al. (2015), political leadership is viewed as a vital component of societal development and progress. Reiterating the crucial part played by political leadership in encouraging and guaranteeing harmony and social security(King et al., 2015).

The political leadership theory is a useful framework for examining Nawazada Nasrullah Khan's political biography because it highlights the elements and characteristics that have shaped his leadership style and political career. Keeping the above context into account Nawabzade Nasrullah Khan was a truly inspirational personality. His political life and thought processes were truly intriguing in nature. Nawabzade Nasrullah Khan chose to spend his entire political career and life span in opposition with no match or change in his thoughts. His struggle for democracy and not only presence but also activeness in opposition for such a long time, facing challenges like criticism, and anti-democratic movements setbacks clearly depict that Nawabzade Nasrullah Khan was truly a man of determined thoughts. His political life and way of thinking were incredibly fascinating.

Research Methodology

In the current study, an analytical, critical, and descriptive technique is used to investigate the details of the services of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. Secondary sources are used to gather data. All necessary information is gathered for this purpose from books, research journals, Urdu and English magazines and newspapers, along with significant publications. Furthermore, every effort has been made to eliminate biases while analysing data from secondary sources. Additionally, online resources have been consulted to fulfil the study's requirements. To gain insight into the life of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, the study largely relies on archival research. Archival sources for his political career include official records, newspapers, magazines, and other written items. To gather pertinent materials, the researcher visited a number of archives, libraries, and documentation centres. Published books, articles, academic papers, and news stories were investigated to gain insight into Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. These supplementary materials gave context, a historical backdrop, and a variety of perspectives on his political career. Each source's dependability and credibility were carefully considered.

The political biography of Nasrullah Khan is a fascinating set of struggles and events that provides insightful details about Pakistan's political landscape at that time in history. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's political career, his beliefs, his services to the nation, and the influence he had on Pakistani politics are all thoroughly examined. Nasrullah Khan's dedication to democratic principles and steadfast opposition to military power were two important facets of his political career. He fought for the people's right to choose their leaders and was a strong believer in the benefits of representative government. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan battled against authoritarianism and worked to construct a political system that adhered to democratic ideals throughout his career.

Nasrullah Khan's philosophy was strongly influenced by Islamic beliefs, and he aimed to advance a fair and just society based on these ideals. In his mind, Pakistan would be a place where social fairness, opportunity equality, and respect for human rights all prevail. Many Pakistanis, especially those who felt oppressed or marginalised, connected with his Islamic democratic concept. Azad (2003) argues that “Nawabzada Nasrullah has earned his reputation in Pakistani politics as a principled politician. All the top political figures of Pakistan praised his fight for the rehabilitation of democracy. He believed that a purely parliamentary structure of government could be possible solely when the military was minimally involved. He believed in fair politics because he himself was the best example of his school of thought. After his death, the National Assembly of Pakistan paid a huge tribute to him for his extraordinary work. He was awarded the title of Baba e Jamhoriyat”.

Discussion and Conclusion

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's emergence and composition in parliament played a pivotal role in shaping the political landscape of Pakistan. His unwavering commitment to democracy, social justice, and human rights left an indelible mark on the history of parliamentary politics. Through his contributions, achievements, and initiatives, Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan showcased the power of parliamentary engagement, and the impact one individual can have in advancing the welfare of the people. The legacy of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan serves as a reminder of the importance of principled leadership and the enduring influence of those who dedicate themselves to the betterment of society through the democratic process. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was a vital political figure in Pakistani history, and his legacy continues to have a big influence on politics. From the 1960s until his death, he was a key player in Pakistani politics and was well-known for his initiatives to advance democratic values there. The degree to which he succeeded in creating democratic standards in Pakistan's political system, however, is up to interpretation and subject to different points of view. Nasrullah Khan was a steadfast supporter of democracy who persistently battled against autocratic governments and military dictatorships. He supported the values of constitutional government, parliamentary democracy, and the rule of law.

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, an unwavering promoter of democracy, participated actively in Pakistan's politics at a turbulent time. He was a vocal opponent of both authoritarian government and military interventions. His support of democratic ideals won him the title Baba -e- Jahmoryat.   One of Nasrullah Khan's major achievements was his opposition to the One Unit programme. The One Unit strategy diluted the representation of smaller provinces by combining the provinces of West Pakistan into one administrative unit. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, who rose to prominence in the anti-One Unit movement, was instrumental in building popular opposition to this policy, notably in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).

One of the few Pakistani leaders to openly support East Pakistan's desire for more autonomy was Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He spoke out against the marginalization of Bengali culture and language and argued for an equitable and fair allocation of resources between East and West Pakistan. As a result of his progressive attitude toward Bengali autonomy, he became quite well-liked in East Pakistan. Throughout his tenure, he also remained a significant player in opposition politics. He was connected to a number of political organisations, notably the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM), an alliance of Pakistan's opposition parties. He advocated for democratic reforms while opposing the powerful governments in power(Mushtaq, 2015).

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was renowned for his moral character, honesty, and stand-up approach to politics. He was frequently regarded as a representation of the struggle against corruption and authoritarianism. Many Pakistani politicians and activists are still motivated by his legacy. Later political movements in Pakistan were influenced by the activism and political legacy of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. His dedication to democracy and fight against authoritarian control served as the impetus for subsequent democratic movements in the nation. Despite his passing in 2003, Nawabzada. In Pakistani politics, Nasrullah Khan is still held in high regard. Particularly in relation to democracy, federalism, and the rights of smaller provinces, his views and ideals continue to influence political discourse. Nawab's Political legacies tend to be open to various interpretations, and different social groups may have different views on Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's accomplishments. However, his unrestrained support for democracy and his defence of the rights of marginalized groups have had a long-lasting effect on Pakistan's political climate(Khan, 2023).

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan played a critical role in establishing coalitions and alliances against the military dictatorship administration throughout his political career. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was a significant figure in the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM), an opposition coalition that was established in 1967 to oppose the General Ayub Khan-led administration. The PDM sought to oppose Ayub Khan's autocratic government and promote democratic reforms throughout the nation. The leadership and persuasion skills of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan were crucial in bringing together different political groups and personalities under the PDM. A wide variety of political groups, including the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) led by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and the Awami League led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, were effectively brought together by the PDM under Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's direction. Nasrullah Khan was able to forge a strong coalition amongst these groups despite their divergent ideologies and conflicting interests by highlighting the significance of their shared objective of democratic governance and opposing the current system. Numerous reasons contributed to Nasrullah Khan's success in assembling opposition leaders. He had remarkable political acumen and was familiar with the workings of Pakistani politics. He was able to successfully negotiate the difficulties of coalition-building and understood the need for a united front to properly confront the invading regime(Parveen, 2017).

He established a separate political organization in 1969, calling it the Pakistan Jamhuri Party, and rose to the position of vice president. Following the 1970 general election, he formed the PNA alliance with help from the regional political parties in Balochistan and the NWFP (KPK), in addition to the National Political Party. Nawabzada Nasrullaha Khan was a key organizer of the MRD movement and, during the Mushraff period once more, he created another alliance called ARD to fight military dictatorship(Khan, 2023). 

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan enjoyed high regard among his peers and had solid connections to a number of political figures. He gained respect among the opposition ranks because of his standing as a politician with moral principles and his dedication to democratic principles. He was able to form alliances based on shared goals and unite opposing political ideas thanks to people's confidence and respect for him. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was an excellent communicator and negotiator, too. His debates and consensus-building by bridging gaps and bringing disparate parties together are extraordinary. His diplomatic abilities and ability to persuade others were crucial in resolving conflicts and preserving the opposition alliance's unity. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's political intelligence, dependability, and remarkable negotiating skills that he was successful in bringing all opposition leaders under the alliance's roof. He was crucial in opposing authoritarian leadership and promoting democratic reforms in Pakistan through his attempts to bring the opposition together.

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan was well-known for his ardent support of social justice, democracy, and human rights. A wide range of opposition groups with comparable goals and objectives found common ground with his political outlook. Nasrullah Khan opted for an impartial style of politics. He emphasised the need for cooperation among opposition groups, concentrating on the bigger goal of opposing the current administration rather than getting caught up in internal disputes. The wide variety of opposing parties were drawn to his inclusive style. Nasrullah Khan had a lengthy history of fighting against dictatorial and military governments in Pakistan. He played a crucial role in gaining public support by actively taking part in movements against such regimes. Because of his track record; he gained respect from opposition parties who considered him as a dedicated and knowledgeable leader in the fight for democracy.

Many people held Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan in high regard as a leader with excellent moral character. He was known for being honourable, upright, and incorruptible. His prestige as a trustworthy and dependable person helped him win the respect and confidence of numerous opposing parties. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan had the capacity to forge bonds among various political groups and possessed exceptional interpersonal abilities. He was renowned for his diplomatic prowess, ability to negotiate effectively, and capacity to reconcile divergent viewpoints. His ability to bring disparate opposition parties together was important in doing so. He had regional and ethnic appeal because he was from the Bugti tribe and was from the Pakistani state of Balochistan. His ability to appeal to a wider range of supporters, including opposition parties with regional and ethnic bases, was facilitated by his representation of a marginalized region and population.

Hakim Rashat Nasim Soharwrdi writes, 

"The brother of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, Nawabzada Saeed Ullah Khan said that Syed Atta Ullah Shah Bokhari said in many political meetings when Almighty Allah will ask me on the Day of Judgment what have you done in the world? I will proudly reply that I have trained Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He is my output."

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan proved himself as his true political representative. He proved himself Sun in the sky of politics whose light will always be a light mare for the students of politics. Numerous opposition parties identified with his persistent opposition to the status quo, which included military interference in politics. He was an appealing figure for people looking to overthrow the status quo because of his consistent opposition to anti-democratic practices. He was a persuasive public speaker and had a magnetic personality. His ability to enthral crowds and motivate people with his speeches significantly contributed to his ability to win over both the public and opposition parties. It's crucial to keep in mind that these elements are based on previous observations and might not fully account for Nasrullah Khan's favorability among opposition parties. Political processes can be complicated, and different parties may have different agendas and unique viewpoints.

In Pakistan's history, Nawabzada Nasarullah Khan was a key political figure who fought against military rulers and promoted democratic rule. He persistently worked for the restoration of democratic standards and ideals in the nation and was an outspoken opponent of civilian rulers. Nasrullah Khan passionately opposed all forms of authoritarian authority, including those exercised by civilian dictators, and firmly believed in democratic government. He was a steadfast supporter of the rule of law, the supremacy of the Constitution, and the defence of fundamental rights. Khan understood the value of mobilizing public opinion. He organised protests, public gatherings, and rallies to raise awareness of and support for democratic ideals, using his position as a political leader to galvanize the masses against autocratic governments. He recognized the importance of a coordinated front against autocrats. He made a continuous effort to form partnerships with other political parties, civil society groups, and people who shared his vision for the democratic rule of law. He sought to unite opposition forces and boost their overall power against autocratic regimes by forging coalitions.

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan used public discourse and advocacy as crucial tactics in his struggle against civil dictators. He made use of his influence as a political figure to draw attention to the negative consequences that dictatorship had on the development, economics, and stability of the nation. He continually spread awareness of the value of democratic ideas through speeches, news conferences, and interviews. To contest the authority of civilian rulers, Nasrullah Khan also investigated legal options. He used the legal system to bring cases and petitions against totalitarian regimes, claiming that their takeover of power was against the law and went against democratic principles. Despite severe legal obstacles, he persisted in using legal ways to oppose totalitarian authority.

Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan understood the value of international assistance in his struggle against civil dictators. He actively interacted with foreign governments, global institutions, and human rights organisations to enlist their support in putting pressure on autocratic countries to reestablish democracy. He intended to attract worldwide attention and assistance by drawing attention to the undemocratic actions and human rights abuses committed by civilian dictators. Nasrullah Khan displayed impressive consistency and resiliency in his opposition to civilian dictators throughout his political career. He endured years of repression, imprisonment, and persecution, yet he never wavered in his dedication to democratic values and fought until the end. Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan's political consistency can be seen in his uncompromising devotion to democracy, constitutionalism, and the rights of the people. He consistently fought for the principles he believed in, even if it meant challenging the ruling establishments or forming his own political party. His political career was marked by a steadfast dedication to social justice and the empowerment of the marginalized sections of society (Afzal, 2002).

The discussion concluded that Nasrullah Khan's position and tactics against civilian dictators were distinguished by his steadfast dedication to democratic values, the galvanization of public opinion, the creation of alliances, the filing of legal challenges, the promotion of his cause on a global scale, and his ability to persevere in the face of difficulty. His contributions significantly influenced the political scene of Pakistan and emphasized the value of democratic leadership. He described in his final interview dictatorship as "It's like a painting dictatorship as democracy. If a cock crows at midnight it does not mean it is morning." The rising personality will always be remembered as a beacon of hope in Pakistani history, and his fight for democratic government will continue long after his passing.  He claims that corrupt politicians and dictators were to blame for Pakistan's failed political system. According to Abdul Qadir (columnist)

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