ROLE OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF FEMALE COLLEGE TEACHERS OF BAHAWALPUR CITY

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44      10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44      Published : Mar 2023
Authored by : Sidra Naz , Ishrat Naheed , Muhammad ZafarHussain

44 Pages : 444-454

References

  • Association, A. D. (2021). Improving care and promoting health in populations: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021. Diabetes Care, 44(1), S7-S14. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-s001
  • Beddoes, Z. E., Prusak, K. A., & Barney, D. (2019). Taking the helm: Physical educators managing change through professional learning communities. Quest, 71(4), 479-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2018.1556169
  • Biddle, S. J. H., Gorely, T., & Stensel, D. J. (2004). Health-enhancing physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(8), 679–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001712412
  • Bjelica, B., Milanović, L., Aksović, N., Zelenović, M., & Božić, D. (2020). Effects of physical activity to cardiorespiratory changes. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 6(4), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.832955
  • Brown, B. M., Frost, N., Rainey-Smith, S. R., Doecke, J., Markovic, S., Gordon, N., & Peiffer, J. J. (2021). High-intensity exercise and cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: a pilot randomised clinical trial. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 13(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00774-y
  • Castelli, D. M., & Valley, J. A. (2007). Chapter 3: The Relationship of Physical fitness and Motor Competence to Physical activity. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 26(4), 358–374. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.26.4.358
  • Chesham, R. A., Booth, J. N., Sweeney, E. L., Ryde, G. C., Gorely, T., Brooks, N. E., & Moran, C. N. (2018). The Daily Mile makes primary school children more active, less sedentary and improves their fitness and body composition: a quasi experimental pilot study. BMC medicine, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1049-z
  • Courneya, K. S., & Friedenreich, C. M. (1999). Utility of the theory of planned behavior for understanding exercise during breast cancer treatment. Psycho-Oncology, 8(2), 112–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199903/04)8:2
  • Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., & Smith, B. (2009). Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181949333
  • Donnelly, J. E., Honas, J. J., Smith, B. K., Mayo, M. S., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K. & Washburn, R. A. (2013). Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity, 21(3), E219-E228.
  • Görner, K., & Reineke, A. (2020). The influence of endurance and strength training on body composition and physical fitness in female students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2013-2020.
  • Hallam, S. (2010). The power of music: Its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people. International Journal of Music Education, 28(3), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761410370658
  • Haskell, W. L., Lee, I., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., Macera, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health. Circulation, 116(9), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.107.185649
  • Hassan, S. S., Williams, G. A., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2018). Emerging technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology, 262, 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.099
  • Healey, M. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2016). A four- component model of age-related memory change. Psychological Review, 123(1), 23–69. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000015
  • Heileson, J. L., McGowen, J. M., Moris, J. M., Chapman-Lopez, T., Torres, R., Funderburk, L., & Forsse, J. S. (2022). Body Composition, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Vitamin D are Associated with Army Combat Fitness Test Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2094717
  • Heinonen, A., Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Oja, P., Pasanen, M., Rinne, M., Uusi‐Rasi, K., & Vuori, I. (1996). Randomised controlled trial of effect of high-impact exercise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. The Lancet, 348(9038), 1343–1347. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)04214-6
  • Hillman, C. H., Kamijo, K., & Scudder, M. R. (2011). A review of chronic and acute physical activity participation on neuroelectric measures of brain health and cognition during childhood. Preventive Medicine, 52, S21–S28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.024
  • Ilesanmi-Oyelere, B. L., Roy, N. C., & Kruger, M. C. (2021). Modulation of bone and joint biomarkers, gut microbiota, and inflammation status by synbiotic supplementation and Weight- Bearing Exercise: Human Study Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(10), e30131. https://doi.org/10.2196/30131
  • Kahn, S. E., & Hull, R. L. (2006). Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature, 444(7121), 840–846. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05482
  • Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., & French, D. N. (2002). Resistance training for health and performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 1(3), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200206000-00007
  • Liu, Y., Liu, J., Johnson, B. A., Xia, H., Ku, Z., Schindewolf, C., Widen, S. G., An, Z., Weaver, S. C., Menachery, V. D., Xie, X., & Shi, P. (2022). Delta spike P681R mutation enhances SARS-CoV-2 fitness over Alpha variant. Cell Reports, 39(7), 110829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110829
  • López-Ortega, M., & Arroyo, P. (2016). Anthropometric characteristics and body composition in Mexican older adults: age and sex differences. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(3), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004626
  • Morgan, P. J., Young, M. D., Barnes, A. T., Eather, N., Pollock, E. R., & Lubans, D. R. (2019). Engaging fathers to increase physical activity in girls: the “dads and daughters exercising and empowered”(DADEE) randomized controlled trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 53(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay015
  • Nara, K., Kumar, P., Rathee, R., Kumar, S., Ahlawat, R. P., Sharma, J., & Singh, S. (2022). Grip strength performance as a determinant of body composition, muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(7), 1618-1625. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.07203
  • Newman, A. B., Kupelian, V., Visser, M., Simonsick, E. M., Goodpaster, B. H., Kritchevsky, S., Tylavsky, F., Rubin, S. M., & Harris, T. B. (2006). Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 61(1), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.1.72
  • Nobari, H., Castillo, D., Clemente, F. M., Carlos- Vivas, J., & Perez-Gomez, J. (2022). Acute, chronic and acute/chronic ratio between starters and non-starters professional soccer players across a competitive season. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 236(4), 285-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371211016594
  • Okely, A. D., & Booth, M. (2004). Mastery of fundamental movement skills among children in New South Wales: prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 7(3), 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80031-8
  • Picard, M. É., Tauveron, I., Magdasy, S., Benichou, T., Bagheri, R., Ugbolue, U. C., Navel, V., & Dutheil, F. (2021). Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(5), e0251863. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251863
  • Razzak, Z. A., Khan, A., & Farooqui, S. I. (2019). Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on estrogen level, fat mass, and muscle mass among postmenopausal osteoporotic females. PubMed, 13(4), 10–16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341450
  • Remmers, T., Sleddens, E. F. C., Gubbels, J. S., De Vries, S., Mommers, M., Penders, J., Kremers, S., & Thijs, C. (2014). Relationship between Physical Activity and the Development of Body Mass Index in Children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(1), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3182a36709
  • Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of neural transmission, 116, 777-784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-008-0092-x
  • Swift, D. L., Lavie, C. J., Johannsen, N. M., Arena, R., Earnest, C. P., O’Keefe, J. H., Milani, R. V., Blair, S. N., & Church, T. S. (2013). Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training in primary and secondary coronary prevention. Circulation Journal, 77(2), 281–292. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-13-0007
  • Tremblay, M. S., Barnes, J. D., Demchenko, I., González, S. A., Brazo-Sayavera, J., Kalinowski, J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Manyanga, T., Reilly, J. J., Wong, S. H., & Aubert, S. (2022). Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Global Matrix 4.0—A resource for physical activity researchers. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 19(11), 693–699. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0257
  • Vehrs, P. R., & Hager, R. (2006). Assessment and interpretation of body composition in physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 77(7), 46–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2006.10597907
  • Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: What should we recommend? Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024
  • Warburton, D. E. R., Jamnik, V., Bredin, S. S. D., Shephard, R. J., & Gledhill, N. (2018). The 2018 Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) and electronic Physical Activity Readiness Medical Examination (ePARmed-X+): 2018 PAR-Q+. The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, 11(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.14288/hfjc.v11i1.260
  • Westcott, W. L. (2012). Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health. Current sports medicine reports, 11(4), 209-216.
  • Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831–1837. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011
  • Zhang, Y., Sichen, L., Li, Y., Li, X., Ren, P., & Luo, F. (2019). The relationships between weight status and physical fitness among Chinese children and youth. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 90(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1603768
  • Association, A. D. (2021). Improving care and promoting health in populations: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021. Diabetes Care, 44(1), S7-S14. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-s001
  • Beddoes, Z. E., Prusak, K. A., & Barney, D. (2019). Taking the helm: Physical educators managing change through professional learning communities. Quest, 71(4), 479-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2018.1556169
  • Biddle, S. J. H., Gorely, T., & Stensel, D. J. (2004). Health-enhancing physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(8), 679–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001712412
  • Bjelica, B., Milanović, L., Aksović, N., Zelenović, M., & Božić, D. (2020). Effects of physical activity to cardiorespiratory changes. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 6(4), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.832955
  • Brown, B. M., Frost, N., Rainey-Smith, S. R., Doecke, J., Markovic, S., Gordon, N., & Peiffer, J. J. (2021). High-intensity exercise and cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: a pilot randomised clinical trial. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 13(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00774-y
  • Castelli, D. M., & Valley, J. A. (2007). Chapter 3: The Relationship of Physical fitness and Motor Competence to Physical activity. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 26(4), 358–374. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.26.4.358
  • Chesham, R. A., Booth, J. N., Sweeney, E. L., Ryde, G. C., Gorely, T., Brooks, N. E., & Moran, C. N. (2018). The Daily Mile makes primary school children more active, less sedentary and improves their fitness and body composition: a quasi experimental pilot study. BMC medicine, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1049-z
  • Courneya, K. S., & Friedenreich, C. M. (1999). Utility of the theory of planned behavior for understanding exercise during breast cancer treatment. Psycho-Oncology, 8(2), 112–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199903/04)8:2
  • Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., & Smith, B. (2009). Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181949333
  • Donnelly, J. E., Honas, J. J., Smith, B. K., Mayo, M. S., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K. & Washburn, R. A. (2013). Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity, 21(3), E219-E228.
  • Görner, K., & Reineke, A. (2020). The influence of endurance and strength training on body composition and physical fitness in female students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2013-2020.
  • Hallam, S. (2010). The power of music: Its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people. International Journal of Music Education, 28(3), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761410370658
  • Haskell, W. L., Lee, I., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., Macera, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health. Circulation, 116(9), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.107.185649
  • Hassan, S. S., Williams, G. A., & Jaiswal, A. K. (2018). Emerging technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology, 262, 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.099
  • Healey, M. K., & Kahana, M. J. (2016). A four- component model of age-related memory change. Psychological Review, 123(1), 23–69. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000015
  • Heileson, J. L., McGowen, J. M., Moris, J. M., Chapman-Lopez, T., Torres, R., Funderburk, L., & Forsse, J. S. (2022). Body Composition, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Vitamin D are Associated with Army Combat Fitness Test Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2094717
  • Heinonen, A., Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Oja, P., Pasanen, M., Rinne, M., Uusi‐Rasi, K., & Vuori, I. (1996). Randomised controlled trial of effect of high-impact exercise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. The Lancet, 348(9038), 1343–1347. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)04214-6
  • Hillman, C. H., Kamijo, K., & Scudder, M. R. (2011). A review of chronic and acute physical activity participation on neuroelectric measures of brain health and cognition during childhood. Preventive Medicine, 52, S21–S28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.024
  • Ilesanmi-Oyelere, B. L., Roy, N. C., & Kruger, M. C. (2021). Modulation of bone and joint biomarkers, gut microbiota, and inflammation status by synbiotic supplementation and Weight- Bearing Exercise: Human Study Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 10(10), e30131. https://doi.org/10.2196/30131
  • Kahn, S. E., & Hull, R. L. (2006). Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature, 444(7121), 840–846. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05482
  • Kraemer, W. J., Ratamess, N. A., & French, D. N. (2002). Resistance training for health and performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 1(3), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200206000-00007
  • Liu, Y., Liu, J., Johnson, B. A., Xia, H., Ku, Z., Schindewolf, C., Widen, S. G., An, Z., Weaver, S. C., Menachery, V. D., Xie, X., & Shi, P. (2022). Delta spike P681R mutation enhances SARS-CoV-2 fitness over Alpha variant. Cell Reports, 39(7), 110829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110829
  • López-Ortega, M., & Arroyo, P. (2016). Anthropometric characteristics and body composition in Mexican older adults: age and sex differences. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(3), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004626
  • Morgan, P. J., Young, M. D., Barnes, A. T., Eather, N., Pollock, E. R., & Lubans, D. R. (2019). Engaging fathers to increase physical activity in girls: the “dads and daughters exercising and empowered”(DADEE) randomized controlled trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 53(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay015
  • Nara, K., Kumar, P., Rathee, R., Kumar, S., Ahlawat, R. P., Sharma, J., & Singh, S. (2022). Grip strength performance as a determinant of body composition, muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(7), 1618-1625. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.07203
  • Newman, A. B., Kupelian, V., Visser, M., Simonsick, E. M., Goodpaster, B. H., Kritchevsky, S., Tylavsky, F., Rubin, S. M., & Harris, T. B. (2006). Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the health, aging and body composition study cohort. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 61(1), 72–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.1.72
  • Nobari, H., Castillo, D., Clemente, F. M., Carlos- Vivas, J., & Perez-Gomez, J. (2022). Acute, chronic and acute/chronic ratio between starters and non-starters professional soccer players across a competitive season. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 236(4), 285-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371211016594
  • Okely, A. D., & Booth, M. (2004). Mastery of fundamental movement skills among children in New South Wales: prevalence and sociodemographic distribution. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 7(3), 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80031-8
  • Picard, M. É., Tauveron, I., Magdasy, S., Benichou, T., Bagheri, R., Ugbolue, U. C., Navel, V., & Dutheil, F. (2021). Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(5), e0251863. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251863
  • Razzak, Z. A., Khan, A., & Farooqui, S. I. (2019). Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on estrogen level, fat mass, and muscle mass among postmenopausal osteoporotic females. PubMed, 13(4), 10–16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341450
  • Remmers, T., Sleddens, E. F. C., Gubbels, J. S., De Vries, S., Mommers, M., Penders, J., Kremers, S., & Thijs, C. (2014). Relationship between Physical Activity and the Development of Body Mass Index in Children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(1), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3182a36709
  • Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of neural transmission, 116, 777-784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-008-0092-x
  • Swift, D. L., Lavie, C. J., Johannsen, N. M., Arena, R., Earnest, C. P., O’Keefe, J. H., Milani, R. V., Blair, S. N., & Church, T. S. (2013). Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and exercise training in primary and secondary coronary prevention. Circulation Journal, 77(2), 281–292. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-13-0007
  • Tremblay, M. S., Barnes, J. D., Demchenko, I., González, S. A., Brazo-Sayavera, J., Kalinowski, J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Manyanga, T., Reilly, J. J., Wong, S. H., & Aubert, S. (2022). Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Global Matrix 4.0—A resource for physical activity researchers. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 19(11), 693–699. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0257
  • Vehrs, P. R., & Hager, R. (2006). Assessment and interpretation of body composition in physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 77(7), 46–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2006.10597907
  • Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: What should we recommend? Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024
  • Warburton, D. E. R., Jamnik, V., Bredin, S. S. D., Shephard, R. J., & Gledhill, N. (2018). The 2018 Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+) and electronic Physical Activity Readiness Medical Examination (ePARmed-X+): 2018 PAR-Q+. The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, 11(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.14288/hfjc.v11i1.260
  • Westcott, W. L. (2012). Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health. Current sports medicine reports, 11(4), 209-216.
  • Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831–1837. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2011
  • Zhang, Y., Sichen, L., Li, Y., Li, X., Ren, P., & Luo, F. (2019). The relationships between weight status and physical fitness among Chinese children and youth. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 90(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1603768

Cite this article

    APA : Naz, S., Naheed, I., & Hussain, M. Z. (2023). Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City. Global Sociological Review, VIII(I), 444-454. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44
    CHICAGO : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. 2023. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII (I): 444-454 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44
    HARVARD : NAZ, S., NAHEED, I. & HUSSAIN, M. Z. 2023. Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City. Global Sociological Review, VIII, 444-454.
    MHRA : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. 2023. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII: 444-454
    MLA : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review, VIII.I (2023): 444-454 Print.
    OXFORD : Naz, Sidra, Naheed, Ishrat, and Hussain, Muhammad Zafar (2023), "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City", Global Sociological Review, VIII (I), 444-454
    TURABIAN : Naz, Sidra, Ishrat Naheed, and Muhammad Zafar Hussain. "Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. I (2023): 444-454. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-I).44