ROLE OF INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS IN CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTIVE AND MITIGATIVE MEASURES A CASE STUDY OF JIRGA AND ASHAR MOVEMENT

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-III).02      10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-III).02      Published : Sep 3
Authored by : Muhammad Farhan , Sheeba Irfan , Hassan Taj

02 Pages : 10-17

References

  • Accord. (2022). Too partial to work? Informal institutions in the midst of climate change and armed conflict in central Mali – ACCORD. https://www.accord.org.za/ajcr-issues/too-partial-to-work-informal-institutions-in-the-midst-of-climate-change-and-armed-conflict-in-central-mali%EF%BF%BC/
  • Adger, W. N., Arnell, N. W., & Tompkins, E. L. (2005). Successful adaptation to climate change across scales. Global Environmental Change, 15(2), 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005
  • Agrawal, A. (2010). Local institutions and adaptation to climate change. In Social Dimensions of Climate Change (173-198). Washington, DC: The World Bank.
  • Agrawal, A., & Gibson, C. C. (1999). Enchantment and disenchantment: The role of community in natural resource conservation. World Development, 27(4), 629-649. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00161-2
  • Agrawal, A. (2008). The role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change. https://doi.org/10.1596/28274
  • Ali, W. (2014). Jirga: A traditional Mechanism of Conflict Resolution in Afghanistan. http://www.unpan.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAND
  • Amin, M. (2022). The Balochistan forest fire engulfed millions of trees and the hopes of generations to come. DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1692119
  • Badarzai, H. B. (2017). Pashtunwali. Peshawar: Aman Printing Press, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
  • Baland, J. M., & Platteau, J. P. (1996). Halting degradation of natural resources: Is there a role for rural communities? Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Berkes, F. (1999). Sacred ecology: Traditional ecological knowledge and resource management. Taylor & Francis.
  • Blaikie, P. (2006). Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural resource management in Malawi and Botswana. World Development, 34(11), 1942-1957 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.11.023
  • DAWN.COM. (2023). Jirga system has to go in the real sense. DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1799065
  • Daniel, H., & Ahmed, Z. S. (2014). 15 State fragility and adaptation to climate change in water scarce areas. Adaptation to Climate Change through Water Resources Management: Capacity, Equity and Sustainability, 307
  • Eiadat, Y., & Fernández-Castro, A. M. (2021). Do formal and informal institutions matter for firm- level strategic environmental actions? A multi- level perspective from Jordan. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 65(3), 461–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1887826
  • Marwat, S. S. (2008). Jirga. Peshawar: Danish Publication Center Peshawar.
  • Muzamil, M. R., Tschakert, P., Boruff, B., & Shahbaz, B. (2021). Institutional dimensions of post-flood recovery in war-affected Swat, Pakistan. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102526
  • North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ostrom, E. (2005). Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Ostrom, E. (2015). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press.
  • Sadiq, R. U. (2010). Pukhtnaey Larkhood. Peshawar: University Book Agency
  • Tribune. (2022). 3 burnt to death in Balochistan forest fire. The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2357463/3-burnt-to-death-in-balochistan-forest-fire
  • Ullah, M., Saeed, S., Ali, B. (2021). The Role of Jirga in Dispute Resolution in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Palarch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 18(4). ISSN 1567-214x. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/7235
  • Wilson, E. (2006). Adapting to climate change at the local level: the spatial planning response. Local environment, 11(6), 609- 625. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549830600853635
  • Accord. (2022). Too partial to work? Informal institutions in the midst of climate change and armed conflict in central Mali – ACCORD. https://www.accord.org.za/ajcr-issues/too-partial-to-work-informal-institutions-in-the-midst-of-climate-change-and-armed-conflict-in-central-mali%EF%BF%BC/
  • Adger, W. N., Arnell, N. W., & Tompkins, E. L. (2005). Successful adaptation to climate change across scales. Global Environmental Change, 15(2), 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005
  • Agrawal, A. (2010). Local institutions and adaptation to climate change. In Social Dimensions of Climate Change (173-198). Washington, DC: The World Bank.
  • Agrawal, A., & Gibson, C. C. (1999). Enchantment and disenchantment: The role of community in natural resource conservation. World Development, 27(4), 629-649. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00161-2
  • Agrawal, A. (2008). The role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change. https://doi.org/10.1596/28274
  • Ali, W. (2014). Jirga: A traditional Mechanism of Conflict Resolution in Afghanistan. http://www.unpan.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAND
  • Amin, M. (2022). The Balochistan forest fire engulfed millions of trees and the hopes of generations to come. DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1692119
  • Badarzai, H. B. (2017). Pashtunwali. Peshawar: Aman Printing Press, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
  • Baland, J. M., & Platteau, J. P. (1996). Halting degradation of natural resources: Is there a role for rural communities? Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Berkes, F. (1999). Sacred ecology: Traditional ecological knowledge and resource management. Taylor & Francis.
  • Blaikie, P. (2006). Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural resource management in Malawi and Botswana. World Development, 34(11), 1942-1957 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.11.023
  • DAWN.COM. (2023). Jirga system has to go in the real sense. DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1799065
  • Daniel, H., & Ahmed, Z. S. (2014). 15 State fragility and adaptation to climate change in water scarce areas. Adaptation to Climate Change through Water Resources Management: Capacity, Equity and Sustainability, 307
  • Eiadat, Y., & Fernández-Castro, A. M. (2021). Do formal and informal institutions matter for firm- level strategic environmental actions? A multi- level perspective from Jordan. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 65(3), 461–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.1887826
  • Marwat, S. S. (2008). Jirga. Peshawar: Danish Publication Center Peshawar.
  • Muzamil, M. R., Tschakert, P., Boruff, B., & Shahbaz, B. (2021). Institutional dimensions of post-flood recovery in war-affected Swat, Pakistan. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102526
  • North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ostrom, E. (2005). Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Ostrom, E. (2015). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press.
  • Sadiq, R. U. (2010). Pukhtnaey Larkhood. Peshawar: University Book Agency
  • Tribune. (2022). 3 burnt to death in Balochistan forest fire. The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2357463/3-burnt-to-death-in-balochistan-forest-fire
  • Ullah, M., Saeed, S., Ali, B. (2021). The Role of Jirga in Dispute Resolution in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Palarch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 18(4). ISSN 1567-214x. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/7235
  • Wilson, E. (2006). Adapting to climate change at the local level: the spatial planning response. Local environment, 11(6), 609- 625. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549830600853635

Cite this article

    APA : Farhan, M., Irfan, S., & Taj, H. (2023). Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement. Global Sociological Review, VIII(III), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-III).02
    CHICAGO : Farhan, Muhammad, Sheeba Irfan, and Hassan Taj. 2023. "Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement." Global Sociological Review, VIII (III): 10-17 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-III).02
    HARVARD : FARHAN, M., IRFAN, S. & TAJ, H. 2023. Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement. Global Sociological Review, VIII, 10-17.
    MHRA : Farhan, Muhammad, Sheeba Irfan, and Hassan Taj. 2023. "Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement." Global Sociological Review, VIII: 10-17
    MLA : Farhan, Muhammad, Sheeba Irfan, and Hassan Taj. "Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement." Global Sociological Review, VIII.III (2023): 10-17 Print.
    OXFORD : Farhan, Muhammad, Irfan, Sheeba, and Taj, Hassan (2023), "Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement", Global Sociological Review, VIII (III), 10-17
    TURABIAN : Farhan, Muhammad, Sheeba Irfan, and Hassan Taj. "Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. III (2023): 10-17. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(VIII-III).02