The current study aimed to compare the grammatical notion of gender in Punjabi versus English. To identify the similarities and differences in gender systems of both the languages in question, multiple instances of Punjabi and English gender rendering terms and phrases were selected and compared through a comparative analytical approach. It was a text-based study that revealed that not only Punjabi nouns but also verbs and adjectives take gender markers, unlike English and also that Punjabi does have some gender-neutral words and epicenes, just like English. Findings hold implications for novice researchers attempting to explore Punjabi in terms of its gender system.
Keywords : Epicenes, Common Gender Terms, Gender Agreement, Gender-Neutrality, Grammatical Gender
Authored by :
(1) Zunaira Shafiq
Lecturer, Department of English and Literary Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Safia Iqbal
Research Associate, Knowledge & Research Support Services (KRSS), University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
The objective of the study was to look into the inner and outer lives of rural people from the standpoint of their education and socioeconomic status. It was investigated why rural students could not continue their education after elementary school. The study was exploratory in nature and qualitative approach was applied. The purposive sampling technique was applied to select fifteen participants. A semi-structured interview was conducted to collect data from ten participants. The collected data were analyzed after the themes of the respondents’ responses were determined. Findings of the study revealed that rural people were also willing to get education but their outer world was not supportive. The findings revealed that rural people have dreams of getting higher education, but they were lacking better facilities for it. They could not afford finances to move to big cities to acquire higher education.
Keywords : Inner lives, Outer world, Socio-economic perspective
Authored by :
(1) Naveed Tufail
PhD, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Khizar Hayat
PhD, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Ihsan
Lecturer (PhD), Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.
This research study aims to investigate and identify the impact of social media platforms used by the youth in Pakistan. Results show that nearly 8 out of 10 respondents daily visit these platforms and 60% spend 1-3 hours daily on SM. 62% of respondents accepted that social media replaced face-to-face communication, leading to a lack of social interaction and a fear of missing out. Cyberbullying resulted in anxiety, fear, depression, low self-esteem, and behavioural issues. To address these impacts, stakeholders should focus on quality communication and interaction, organize and support social events, and inform parents that their cellphone use and personal conduct have changed into a context with bad contact with their children.
Keywords : Social Media, Human Behaviour, Youth Behaviour, Pakistan, Risks, Impact
Authored by :
(1) Hinna Rustam
MS International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Naseem Anwar
Lecturer, Department of Computer Arts, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan.
(3) Qaiser Iqbal
Lecturer, Department of History and Politics, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
Peer pressure is one of the major elements influencing an adult’s academic performance. This study identifies the nature and extent of peer pressure on female adult language learners and their academic performance. It is qualitative research in which van Dijk’s socio-cognitive framework is used as an analytical framework. The researchers have injected the feminist theory to limit the scope of pertinent data in elaborating the data gathered. The study highlights the significance of awareness of negative peer influence among teachers, parents and students. Also, the study finds out the measures to avoid and control negative peer pressure.
Keywords : Peer Pressure, Female Adult Language Learners, Academic Performance, Dijkâs Socio- Cognitive Framework, Feminist Theory
Authored by :
(1) Fatima Ahmed
Undergraduate Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Tayyba Irfan
Undergraduate Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Sabboor Hussain
Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
The study is based on the feminist movement, which has vividly challenged the basic social structures of society, through which for many years' women are being used as a tool of depression. The study explores the stereotypical notions of femininity and masculinity that are present in such societies and it also sheds light on how women are socialized in patriarchal societies. The study also examines how women are portrayed in Pakistani literature and media and emphasize what type of prejudice and mistreatment they experience. Furthermore, the research looks at the works of postcolonial theorist Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak, whose critical perspectives are centred on oppressive systems. Spivak criticizes the limitations and divisions faced by subalterns through her deconstruction of Western academic knowledge. Finally, the paper delves into Mouni Mohsin's novel The End of Innocence, which tells the love story of Rani and Laila in West Pakistan while highlighting the oppression and mistreatment of women in the country.
Keywords : Subalternity, Mouni Mohsin, The End of Innocence, Feminist, Literary Analysis
Authored by :
(1) Kalsoom Afzaal
Lecturer, Department of English Literature, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Farwa Zahoor
M.Phil., Department of English Literature, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Salman Sajid
Lecturer, Department of English, Abaid Ullah Group of Colleges, Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Imparting the skills of the 21st century in students is the most important task of all academicians. Critical thinking is an integral skill that plays a major role in students' skill development. (Alessandra, et al. 2020). This study aims to predict the Impact of Sociocultural Status on Critical Thinking among University Students in Karachi. Literature reported that the concept of Critical thinking was never addressed from the perspective of socio-culture (Maulana & Putra, 2022) at the tertiary level in progressing countries like Pakistan. This study will be carried on by employing Mix Methodology (Quantitative and Qualitative) paradigm. Sampling was drawn through a purposive Sampling technique Based on 20 students 10 students each from Either institution. The number of respondents for the quantitative paradigm of the study was 80 to collect data. A set of Activities and tasks were designed for measuring the Critical Thinking of Students. Findings suggested a significant difference in CT ability between the Public and private sector students. The study suggests more research on Curriculum mapping.
Keywords : Socio-culture, Critical Thinking, Higher Education
Authored by :
(1) Amber Zehra
Faculty Member, Department of Education University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Ajab ali Lashari
Lecturer, Department of Education Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh Pakistan.
(3) Afshan Naz
Associate Professor, Government Girls Degree College Zamzama, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
The research area of corporate social responsibility (CSRR) has seen rapid growth in the past decade. However, the real impact of CSRR on firm value has been inconclusive, often due to its qualitative data. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSRR) and firm value. For this purpose, the data of listed firms in the Pakistan Stock Exchange 100 index were collected from 2010 to 2021. Regression Analysis was conducted on panel data to accomplish the main objective of the research. The study finds that Corporate social responsibility in the case of Pakistan is adopted by 67%, consisting of all the listed firms. The results of regression reflect an important positive association between the behaviour of CSRR and firm value. This result is also associated with other researchers, who suggest that investors pay a premium in the capital market in a socially responsible manner to achieve long-term profitability. The study also found that CSRR had a value-enhancing power to adopt charitable behaviour via legitimacy, Stakeholders, and signalling theory.
Keywords : Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Performance, Women on Board
Authored by :
(1) Muhammad Iqbal
MS Scholar, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Faisal Sher
Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Yusuf Amin
Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
The research paper aims to identify the challenges, issues, needs, and constraints faced by digital leaders of marginalized community members. The study's overall strategy is based on a phenomenological case study research design. The methodology of this research paper is qualitative, and through criterion sampling, the data was collected from the school working for physically disabled children. The total sample size is fifteen, consisting of senior students and teachers. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with physically challenged students and teachers. It was derived that students need to be educated about digital literacy. The world is going towards digitalization, so students must know how to use gadgets, apps, etc. The teachers face challenges as they teach visually impaired and deaf children. The students concluded that they want inclusivity in society, providing them opportunities by providing various workplace and societal facilities. The teachers suggested that opportunities must be provided to students at the state level so that they can be considered valuable members of society.
Keywords : Digital leadership, Challenges, Marginalized Community Members
Authored by :
(1) Zainab Noorani
Assistant Coordinator & Teacher Educator, Fatimiyah Education Network (FEN), Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Ajab Ali Lashari
Lecturer, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
The study examines the impact of training on employees' development perceptions, as well as the impact of those beliefs on employees' job-related attitudes and behaviour in public sector organizations by looking at the case of the Accountant General Office in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study investigates the mediating role of employee development through training interventions between training and job satisfaction. The study model was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) statistical technique. An attempt is being made to highlight the value of training and its impact on boosting employee development perspectives inside public sector organizations and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in particular, and in Pakistan in general. The study's findings show that employee development perceptions directly and positively impact job satisfaction. Similarly, the study model and its constructs have shown the suggested interconnectedness. The study assists policymakers in rethinking their policies by incorporating ways that promote the promotion of employee development perspectives and their productive effects on organizational growth.
Keywords : Training, Development, Job Satisfaction, Public Sector, Perception
Authored by :
(1) Kausar Takrim
Assistant Professor, College of Home Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Khalid Khan
Inter-Services Headquarter, Islamabad, Pakistan
(3) Muhammad Kamran Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan
This study examines the gender disparities in the portrayal of women in Hollywood films having the theme of Public Relations. The research aims to analyze the representation of women in PR roles especially the technical positions, their roles and responsibilities in the campaigns, and their depiction as being family-oriented or not. The study design utilizes a descriptive methodology and employs a semantic analysis using the purposive sampling technique. The sample includes the movie "Don't Look Up (2021)," chosen as it is the top IMDb ranking Hollywood film with a focus on the PR campaign. Data is collected on technical roles, primary or secondary positions, and family orientation of the female characters. The findings reveal significant gender disparities, with women often limited to secondary roles and unequal representation compared to men in the PR roles having less family orientation. The study emphasizes the need to challenge gender stereotypes in the film industry.
Keywords : Gender, Hollywood film, Public Relations, Semantic analysis, Technical roles
Authored by :
(1) Ayesha Zahid
Senior Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Ghulam Maaz Jan
Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Akram Abdul Rehman
Senior Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
The main objectives of the study were to the effect of Physiological and consideration for Elite Young Females Athletes to participate in physical Activities. The researcher used a Likert-type questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The questionnaire was consisting of two different portions the first portion was developed to investigate. The main purpose of the study was to the influence of sociocultural problems on sports participation among college female athletes. Based on data analysis following findings float ups. The collected data from questionnaires were put into the SPSS (Version-20) for the purpose of data analysis. The data analysis was performed in three different sections demographic information was given in Section A, Section B deals with the item-wise frequencies and percentages of the questionnaire and Section C deals with the testing of hypotheses. The alpha level for testing hypotheses was .05.
Keywords : Physiological, Consideration, Female Athletes, Physical
Authored by :
(1) Mehwish Manzoor
Lecturer, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Faiz Ul Hassan Shah
Ph. D Scholar, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Aslam
Lecturer, Physical Education Health & Sports Science, Government College of Physical Education, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Fitspiration is a current online craze that aims to inspire Pakistani female students to eat well, stay confident and exercise. The objective of the study was to investigate the phycological (disordered eating), social (body shame) and physical (exercise behavior) implications among Pakistani female students who consume fitspiration content on Facebook. Fitspiration content on Facebook is the independent variable whereas the social, physical and psychological aspects of Pakistani female students are the dependent variables. The study was exploratory in nature and quantitative approach was applied. Convenience sampling technique was applied and the data was collected from 600 Pakistani female university students from 3 public and 3 private universities of Lahore to cater the quantitative part. Social comparison theory was applied in this study. A survey questionnaire was developed to collect data from the respondents. The current study employed partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The empirical findings indicated that exposure to fitspiration content on Facebook have a significant impact on exercise behavior, body shame and disordered eating of Pakistani female university students.
Keywords : Body Shame, Compulsive Exercise, Disordered Eating, Fitspiration, Facebook, Social Networking Sites
Authored by :
(1) Tahreem Nasir
PhD Scholar, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Noshina Saleem
Director, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This paper explores Haneef's novel "The Verdict" (2021), aiming to unveil the stereotypical roles of genders and their counter-narratives in the context of feminism through a qualitative analysis of textual lines. On the one hand, some characters conform to their socially constructed roles, while on the other hand, some characters seem averse to conventional gender roles and nature. Moreover, both kinds of characters depict the lifestyle of two different factions of society. Stereotypical characters are the conventional representation of patriarchy, where women are marginalized, objectified, and oppressed by men. Men are shown as rational, cruel, and oppressors. Characters crafted in the counter-narrative are independent, break stereotypes, and bring the feminist version, introducing us to independent women with significant societal roles. Men are shown as protectors, partners, kind, polite, and loving. By contrasting the two kinds of characters, this paper tries to reveal the changing trend from stereotypical roles to modern roles in the light of feminism.
Keywords : Stereotypical Roles, Gender Roles, Feminism, Counter-narrative, Oppression, Marginalization, Objectification, Sexism
Authored by :
(1) Muzaffar Qadir Bhatti
Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Faheem Abbas
Masters in English Literature, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Maryam Rafique
BS English, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Social work education at the postgraduate level is faced with various academic and non-academic issues. Despite the compatibility of these methods with our culture, the paucity of local research and knowledge related to our community which are necessary for the uplift of the profession is impacting its progress. So far, Pakistan has no national and provincial council of social workers that could link them with the international social workers’ Federation whereby it could build their professional competence and capacity. This gap between theory and practice can be filled by developing a link between the two domains. Lack of public awareness regarding the field and the deteriorating role of inadequately trained field supervisors working for different organizations are other contributing factors. The study suggests that professional social workers should be inducted into all the social welfare organizations so that the new undergraduate students could be interested in taking admissions in BS social work degree.
Keywords : Social Work, Profession, Academic, Theory, Associations
Authored by :
(1) Sajjad Hussain
Lecturer, Department of Social Work, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
(2) Sumera Farid
Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
(3) Amir Alam
Lecturer, Department of Social Work, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Warai Campus, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
This paper presents a study that explores the dynamic connection between second language acquisition (SLA) and personality development in the context of adolescent learners. The research integrates Albert Bandura's SocioCognitive Theory (1986) and the Big Five Inventory frameworks to examine various correlated factors. The study consists of two distinct investigations. Drawing upon the theoretical framework proposed by Albert Bandura's Socio-CognitiveTheory (1986), the first analysis delves into the social factors that influence the process of SLA among adolescents. The second study employs a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional research design. A sample of 300 participants was selected using a sampling technique employed by the investigator. In the quantitative analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the SPSS software. The findings of the Pearson Moment correlation (= .311, P < 0.01) reveal a positive relationship between SLA (M= 79.72, SD= 10.620) and the personality trait of Extroversion (M=110.54, SD= .16.640). In summary, the present research sheds light on the influence of SLA on the development of extroverted personality traits in adolescents. Furthermore, this study provides a framework for future researchers to investigate the multidimensional relationship between second language acquisition and personality development.
Keywords : Second Language Learning, Personality Development, Social-cognitive Theory, Self-efficacy, Socio-cognitive, Likert Scale, Big five Inventory
Authored by :
(1) Saira Abbas
MPhil Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Aqsa Atta
Associate Professor, In charge Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
This study explains the violence, racism, and suffering of black people in Maya's poem I know why the Caged Bird Sings and Lorde's Power. And this research also explores racial injustice, prejudice, discrimination, and Power throughout the poems. Maya Angelou and Audre Lorde are Afro-American poets and writers. The authors sadly explain the suffering and discrimination they faced in the white community. I Know Why Cage Bird Sings and Power are Based on Racism, violence, injustice, and Discrimination. In the power poem, there is a white police officer named Thomas Shea who murdered a black boy named Clifford Glover, who was killed in 1973. The colonizer beats him very badly. In the caged Bird, there was also a white man who treated Maya Angelou badly and raped her only because of her black skin. Subaltern will be the theoretical framework of this research that shows give voice to voiceless people.
Keywords : Subaltern, Violence, Racism, Colonizers, Discrimination
Authored by :
(1) Rani Kalhoro
Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Waseem Ahmed Lakhmir
Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
(3) Ruqia Bano Mastoi
Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
This study aims to explore the lived experiences of female students in rural Balochistan, specifically in Turbat, Pakistan, with regard to their academic aspirations and access to the internet. The research adopts a phenomenological approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities faced by these students in pursuing education and utilizing digital resources. Qualitative methodology, along with in-depth interviews and focus group discussion, were utilized as methods as per the nature of the study. For theoretical underpinning, digital divide theory was used to ensure and clarify the assumptions of the study. It has been found that in Balochistan, not only are there structural flaws, but there are also socio-political and cultural factors behind the digital divides and hurdles for girls in internet accessibility. Therefore, the inevitability of this study is to bridge this gap and ensure digital inclusiveness and digital parity to ensure girls' academic performances
Keywords : Lived Experiences, Female, Students, Internet, Academic, Balochistan
Authored by :
(1) Muhammad Sharif
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Anwar
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
(3) Mahpara Mehmood
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, (SZABIST), Karachi, Pakistan.
This study is designed to trace the identity crisis portrayed in Tariq Rahman’s The Snail. The story deals with the crisis of identity that how the metaphoric character of The Snail changes his identity and faces the consequences. The study aims to highlight the identity crisis and its harsh consequences. The study is carried out through the lens of Homi K Bhabha's Theory of Hybridity. The data is analyzed through a close reading technique and resolved that the change in identity is the loss of everything, and the loss of identity is the loss of your social space.
Keywords : Hybridity, Post Colonialism, Identity, Diversity, Community
Authored by :
(1) Syed Attaullah Shah
Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Sardar Ali
Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan.
The study intended to search the role of mothers in rehabilitating their children with adventitious visual impairment. The design of the study was qualitative and exploratory. Mothers (N=15) of visually impaired children from various age groups were the sample of the study. A convenient sampling technique was used for sampling procedures. A self-developed semi-structured interview was the tool of this study. Instruments validity was confirmed through expert opinion (N=03). An extensive literature review guided the researcher towards the reliability of the instrument. A coding & thematic analysis approach was done for Data analysis. Three major themes emerged from interview transcription including mother's understanding, problems of mothers, and educational support. The study's findings show that mothers remain worried about their children's future. Although, mothers face many difficulties in accepting the acquired blindness of children. This study recommends particular orientation & training sessions for mothers of visually impaired children and adequate social support.
Keywords : Role, Rehabilitation, Mothers, Visually Impaired Children, Visual Impairment
Authored by :
(1) Kashif Iqbal
Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Special Education, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Samina Ashraf
Assistant Professor, Institute of Special Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Maryam Maqsood
M.Phil. Special Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This qualitative study was a follow-up study of a quantitative study that was conducted to investigate the impact of quality assurance practices on university students' satisfaction and retention. The sample has been selected purposively from the already selected sample for the quantitative study. The sample consisted of six respondents who have extensive experience in the higher education sector more specifically in the quality enhancement department/cell. An interview protocol was developed focusing on research questions to collect their responses of them regarding the "exploration of the role of the Quality Assurance practices in students' retention and satisfaction". The conversations commenced with the introduction of the interviewees and the researcher and followed by opening questions transitioning to key questions. It was reflected by the participants' responses that there is a strong role of quality assurance practices in attaining students' satisfaction and retention.
Keywords : Quality Assurance, Studentsâ Satisfaction, Studentsâ Retention
Authored by :
(1) Ashfaq Afzal
PhD Scholar, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Luqman Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Fatima Sikandar
Lecturer, Special Needs Education, Department of Education, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This qualitative study was a follow-up of quantitative research which was conducted to identify the male university teachers’ gender bias in the classroom. In this qualitative exploration, there were 18 students who were sampled for the study conveniently. The researchers developed an interview protocol based on (Ali et al., 2021) and collected the data with the help of individual interviews. The interview protocol comprised nine open-ended questions. The data were analyzed with the help of the Thematic analysis. The qualitative results confirmed the quantitative results that the teachers’ interaction was found biased against females. Similarly, their feedback was also found biased against males and the positive feedback and motivation are given more to the female students. Similarly, the teachers’ expectations were found biased against females in that the challenging tasks are not assigned to them keeping in view their gender. The teachers also use male-oriented language while teaching.
Keywords : Bias in Classroom, Teachers' Practices, Students' Experiences
Authored by :
(1) Samera Jabeen
PhD Scholar, Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Mohsin Asif
MPhil Scholar, Special Needs Education, Department of Education, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Abid Ali
MPhil Scholar (ELPS), Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This research investigates the ideological representations found in the video blogs of two Pakistani journalists, Imran Riaz Khan and Orya Maqbool Jan, and explores their influence on the audience. This study is exclusively qualitative in its approach. Potential ethical concerns are minimized as there are no personal interactions or sensitive information involved. The current research has clarified the ideological representations within the chosen video blogs by employing Fairclough's critical discourse analysis (CDA) framework. Extensive examination of the text, as well as targeted analysis of allusions to other texts and sociocultural aspects, has been conducted to ensure a comprehensive exploration of the topic. The analysis reveals that Imran Riaz Khan and Orya Maqbool Jan skillfully utilize a range of textual and stylistic methods in their vlogs to achieve a particular objective. They effectively meet the essential criteria for conveying a particular ideology. Using syntactic structure and repeated elements, their video blogs highlight the central topic of social and cultural inequity, particularly pertaining to racial bias and discrimination rooted in colour and belief.
Keywords : Language, Media, Ideology, Political propaganda, Critical discourse analysis
Authored by :
(1) Samiya Sadiq
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Akbar Khan
Associate Professor, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Rasheeda Aslam
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
Small settlements in Lahore such as Chungi Amar Sidho, are extremely polluted compared to societies like Bahria Town, DHA, and, other elite societies. These areas have soil, water, air, and even noise pollution. These small settlements have caused severe diseases and infections among the inhabitants of the area. The objective of the paper is to identify the reason behind this injustice. A mixed methodology e.g. qualitative and quantitative approaches have been followed. The data for this paper is collected through survey questionnaires, and interviews with environmentalists and from the manifestos of political parties who contested elections in that area. The environmental injustice theory,marginality within a core theory, and an excerpt from the decolonization theory of Fanon were used in order to assess the results of the study. The paper concludes that these small settlements face environmental injustice because of elite societies. Elite societies need these settlements to use for the labour force and as landfill sites.
Keywords : Environmental Injustice, Environmental Racism, Class, Chungi Amar Sidho, Small Settlements, Pollution, Elite Societies
Authored by :
(1) Amir Alam
Lecturer in Social Work, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Wari Campus, Upper Dir, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Tanveer Alam
BS Student, Department of Political Science and History, Forman Christian University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Sajjad Hussain
Lecturer in Social Work, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan.
In April 2022, Pakistan went through another political and constitutional crisis. For the first time in Pakistan's history, a democratically elected Prime Minister was removed from office by a no-confidence motion. Although no Prime Minister could complete the constitutional five-year term due to the influential military and judicial interventions, this instance was unique in its kind. In Pakistan, the press produced political debates as much as political narratives. Drawing on the Indexing theory proposed by Lance Bennett (1990; 2016) this research is an effort to explore how to have the Dawn, The Express Tribune, The Nation, and The News International index Mr Imran Khan, Ms Maryam Nawaz, and Mr. Bilawal Bhutto during May to October 2022. It is pertinent to identify the key indexing elements within the news coverage of the selected political leaders by the selected newspapers. The results indicate that there is a considerable variation in the indexing of political figures across the selected newspapers, suggesting the presence of potential biases in their reporting.
Keywords : No-Confidence Motion, Regime Change, Political Upheaval, Indexing Theory, Imran Khan, Maryam Nawaz, Bilawal Bhutto
Authored by :
(1) Wasim Tariq
MS Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Nauman Khan
Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Balochistan, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Junaid Ghauri
Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
This study delves into the conceptualization of Universal Human Rights in Islam and its implications in the modern period. The research explores foundational principles within Islam that align with universal human rights values, such as the recognition of inherent human dignity, equality, and freedom of conscience. Additionally, it investigates Islamic perspectives on social justice, the protection of minority rights, and the provision of basic needs, which resonate with the principles of universal human rights. However, the study also addresses challenges in the areas of gender equality and women's rights, as interpretations of Islamic teachings may differ from international human rights standards. The research also highlights the complexities of reconciling freedom of expression with religious sensitivities within the Islamic context. The implications of the findings are far-reaching, with the potential to foster interfaith dialogue, enhance human rights education within Islamic communities, and advance efforts towards gender equality and minority protection.
Keywords : Human Rights, Islamic values, Equality, Social justice, Zaqat
Authored by :
(1) Aleem Gillani
Assistant Professor IR/Deputy Director of Academics & Diplomatic Relations, Department of International Relations, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Ateeq Ahmad Tariq
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan.
(3) Sana Ullah
Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan.
Mankera, district Bhakkar, Pakistan is situated in the centre of the greater Thal desert between the Indus and Chenab Jhelum rivers. Mankera had been a subordinate state and a buffer zone between the Delhi dynasty and Kabul dynasty for many centuries. Mankera has a glorious and historical culture in the form of forts, tombs, buildings and wells etc. The joint mode of life of the Hindu, Muslim and Sikh populations of this region created unique and correspondent colours of society. A historical research approach has been applied to study the socio-cultural development of the region.After the creation of Pakistan, the migration of Muslims from India and non-Muslims from Pakistan changed the demography and created a new pattern of culture and society. After mixing native and migrant cultures, a new merged society came into being. Now the culture and society of Mankera has being developed in a new pattern which is peaceful and tolerant.
Keywords : Desert, Society, Culture, Tradition, Dignity, Inhabitants, Festivals, Fort, Community, Tolerance, Civilization, Historical
Authored by :
(1) Muhammad Saqlain
Lecturer, Government Graduate College, Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
This research is based on a comparative study of metaphors in political discourse. For this purpose, Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) Critical Metaphor Theory (CMT) as a qualitative methodological ground and the quantitative method has been applied manually to five selected speeches of Imran Khan and Narendra Modi on the Kashmir issue after the military siege from 2019 till now. This study aims to explore the conceptual metaphors in the political speeches of Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The main purpose of the study is to explore different types of conceptual metaphors like structural, ontological, and orientational that are used by these politicians to provide their thoughts, ideologies, and emotions on the said issue. This study provides new knowledge and guidance to understand the different metaphorical domains or structures in political discourse for future scholars.
Keywords : Metaphor, Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), political discourse, Kashmir conflict
Authored by :
(1) Amara Javed
Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Sadia Waheed
Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Komal Atta
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Bellwethers of social media platforms introduced modern and innovative third-party boosters who work over tweets, vlogs, and blogs to set trends and shape society in new designs. As technology advances, so do consumer usage and behaviours after the emergence of social media tools. As additional influencers shift their centre of attention to catching followers for making up their character arc mix via social channels such as TikTok, Facebook, and others find key factors which influence attitude and social character. Hang on an assessment of the literature, this research pens down social identity as a congruity in the context of social networking. Moreover, extant research advocates, social specification has numerous aspects, such as cognitive, evaluative, and emotional. Although, it’s not yet clear whether these three aspects have the same impact on these two important behaviours. This study attempts to explore different effects of empirical, emotional, and interpretive aspects on non-fictitious as well as fictitious behaviour.
Keywords : Social Media, Social Perfection, Innovation, Lifestyle
Authored by :
(1) Umia Gull
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Ashraf Iqbal
Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Usman Idrees
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
This study examines the impact of social media on the body image views of adolescents and investigates its potential association with the onset of eating disorders. Two main inquiries are examined: This study aims to investigate three key aspects related to social media and body image: (1) the influence of body shaming on social media platforms, and (2) the effects of exposure to idealized body images and comparison with influencers on social media. The qualitative approach encompasses the utilization of in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with individuals between the ages of 18 to 26 who exhibit a high level of engagement with social media platforms. Overall, 5 female students were interviewed from the capital territory of Islamabad. The study concluded that the prevalence of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction among young adults and adolescents can be attributed to their exposure to idealized body ideals and the activities of influencers.
Keywords : Body Shaming, Social Media
Authored by :
(1) Farhan Ahmed Faiz
Assistant Professor, School of Sociology Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Mudasar Ali Nadeem
Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Chiniot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Umar Zafar
Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Chiniot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
The proposed research examines how renewable energy consumption, GDP, and carbon emission technology affect China's sustainable development goals. The writer utilized OECD and World Bank databases to gather 2000–2020 secondary data. The inferential and descriptive technique assesses the Chinese understanding of how renewable energy consumption, GDP, and technological advancements concern sustainable development goals. In this research effort, the final acquired data were input into SPSS and evaluated to obtain statistical conclusions. SPSS Statistical software has been utilized to calculate the empirical study's results utilizing descriptive statistics, regression analysis, factor analysis, and one-way ANOVA. The study's methodology describes the analysis criteria and recommendations to test hypotheses and achieve goals. This research may stimulate renewable energy consumption, GDP, and technological advancements to mitigate carbon emissions and achieve China's Sustainable Development Goals. Implementing renewable energy initiatives and encouraging constructive economic growth can do this.
Keywords : Carbon Emissions, China, GDP, Renewable Energy Consumption, SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals, Technological Advancements
Authored by :
(1) Waseem Hassan
Ph.D., School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
(2) Naveed Hussain
MSc., School of Accountancy and Finance, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Shahzeb Hussain
BS-Commerce, Department of Management Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
This policy paper delves into the persistent gender disparities within Pakistan's labour sector, highlighting the challenges faced by women in accessing and maintaining decent employment opportunities. Despite some progress, women encounter lower labour force participation, unequal wages, and limited access to social benefits. The concentration of women in low-paying, informal sectors hampers their economic advancement and social mobility. This paper critically assesses the gender imbalance in Pakistan's labour market and proposes actionable policy alternatives to enhance women's economic empowerment. By prioritizing legislative measures, decision-makers can address the root causes of these disparities, fostering gender equality and supporting women's participation in the workforce. The implementation of effective policies is vital to not only empower women but also contribute to Pakistan's overall economic growth and development.
Keywords : Gender Disparities, Labor Market, Economic Empowerment, Policy Alternatives
Authored by :
(1) Amna Munawar Khan
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Defense and Strategic Studies, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Qasim Khan
Executive Director Programs, Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Shan Bilal
Research Scholar, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
PCOS can have a substantial socio-psychological influence on women's lives, along with its clinical symptoms.This qualitative phenomenological investigation observed the emotions, body image, societal stigma, interactions, and coping techniques of women with PCOS. In-depth interviews with a varied group of women highlighted several major themes, including the difficult emotional journey, challenges with a perception of oneself and body image, loneliness or ostracism, and the value of support and connection networks. The study's findings have crucial consequences for healthcare practitioners, politicians, and people with PCOS. Understanding the particular issues that these women encounter allows healthcare practitioners to deliver more comprehensive and compassionate treatment. Policymakers may also create legislation to benefit women experiencing PCOS and decrease the prejudice associated with the disorder.Lastly, women with PCOS may utilize the study's findings in order to comprehend their own circumstances and develop solutions to manage the difficulties they confront.
Keywords : Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Socio-psychological, Infertility, Body Image, Stigmatization
Authored by :
(1) Bushra Saleem
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Aneela Sultana
Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
To explore racial discrimination in Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird", we have utilized Wodak’s theoretical framework for CDA, complemented by his concentric circular model in our study. The CDA meticulously examines various textual elements, encompassing linguistic features, narrative structure, and character interactions, to discern recurrent discursive patterns perpetuating racism throughout the novel. Using Wodak’s framework highlighting context’s importance, the analysis explores the 1930s American South’s socio-political backdrop where the narrative unfolds. This contextual lens facilitates a nuanced comprehension of how language constructs and reinforces racial discrimination while illuminating the intricate dynamics of power and ideologies within the text. By delving into the social and historical backdrop, the analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex interrelationships among discourse, racism, and societal structures, yielding valuable insights and adding to the novel's portrayal of racial discrimination and its broader sociocultural implications.
Keywords : Attitude towards Science, Self-Concept, Gender, Socioeconomic Status
Authored by :
(1) Emaan Afzal
B.S Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Eman Fatima Dar
B.S Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Sabboor Hussain
Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
This study gauges the relationship of students' self-concept with respect to their attitude towards science. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1966, 10th grade science students. The science-related attitude was measured through an adapted version of TOSRA (r= 0.89). For Self-Concept, a questionnaire developed by Rana (2002) having r = 0.87 was used. For SES family income, parents' education and nature of job were considered. Pearson r along with descriptive statistics and t-tests was used for data analysis. Analysis revealed all respondents had a positive self concept and attitude towards science. Respondents' self-concept on the basis of gender as well as among three levels of SES was not significantly different. A moderate, positive and significant correlation was found between both variables. A similar pattern was seen in the case of male, female, low-level SES and medium-level SES respondents separately, but the relationship was weak though positive and significant for respondents of high-level SES.
Keywords : Attitude towards Science, Self-Concept, Gender, Socioeconomic Status
Authored by :
(1) Muhammad Anwer
Associate Professor, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Um-e-Farwa
Lecturer, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Aatika Aziz
University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
This study investigated the interpersonal relationship of hearing-impaired students in inclusive universities with their typical peers and fellows. A convenient sampling method was used. Data was collected from three inclusive universities in Lahore through a survey. The sample consisted of 57 hearing-impaired students. SPSS software was utilized for calculating frequency distributions and conducting ANOVA, and t-test analyses. Results showed that most of the hearing-impaired students enjoyed group activities with peers, learned to communicate, and helped operate computers.However, sometimes peers made them feel isolated in classrooms. No significant difference was found between perceptions of male and female students across degree programs or universities.
Keywords : Hearing-impaired, Inclusive, Peers, Communication, Isolation, Perception, University
Authored by :
(1) Snober Bukhari
M.Phil. Graduate, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Faisal Anis
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Anwer
Associate Professor, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This comprehensive analysis delves into the complex relationship between democracy and inequality, exploring their interplay within diverse political systems. Through theoretical perspectives, comparative case studies, and policy implications, the study uncovers the multifaceted dynamics that shape social disparities. It reveals that while democracy strives for equitable representation, persistent inequalities challenge its ideals. Case studies from the United States, Nordic countries, Brazil, and Pakistan offer insights into how economic, social, and political factors intertwine within democratic frameworks. Challenges such as populism, globalization, and governance instability intersect the pursuit of equitable societies. The analysis concludes with policy recommendations, underscoring the intricate balance between democracy and inequality in shaping the path toward more inclusive governance.
Keywords : Democracy, Inequality, Political Systems, Social Disparities, Comparative Analysis
Authored by :
(1) Imran Rafique
Ph.D. Scholar, Center for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Ameena Nasim
Visiting Lecturer, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan.
(3) Rahat Shabbir
MPhil Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
This study investigated the connection between motivation and team unity in the context of women's cricket, involving a sample of 100 cricketers from three clubs in Lahore city, spanning ages 18 to 32. Each participant filled out two questionnaires: the Group Environment Questionnaire (Carron et al., 1985) and the Sports Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al., 1995). The study was designed with a cross-sectional approach and is rooted in quantitative research methodology.The purposive sampling approach was adopted. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation were used to evaluate the data in SPSS version 23.0. A noteworthy correlation was reported between intrinsic motivation and team cohesion (r=0.638**, p<0.001) and between extrinsic motivation and team cohesion (r=0.623**, p<0.001). Furthermore, overall motivation scores also displayed a substantial correlation with the cohesion of the team (r=0.633**, p<0.001).These findings provide early evidence that it's essential to encourage and inspire the players in order to have an influence on the team atmosphere.
Keywords : Extrinsic Motivation, Intrinsic Motivation, Team Cohesion, Women Cricketers
Authored by :
(1) Ammara Rubab
Lecturer, Department of Sports and Physical Education, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This comprehensive study delves into the multifaceted dynamics of domestic violence against women in Pakistan, examining its causes, consequences, and potential solutions. The research underscores the significance of legal reforms to provide survivors with robust protections and avenues for seeking justice. It emphasizes the crucial role of education and awareness campaigns in reshaping societal norms and fostering healthy relationships. The study highlights the pivotal importance of support systems, including shelters, crisis hotlines, counselling, and legal aid, in facilitating survivors' escape from abusive situations and aiding in their recovery. Economic empowerment programs emerge as a vital component to reduce barriers that often keep survivors tethered to abusive relationships. By sensitizing law enforcement and establishing supportive networks, this study provides a comprehensive roadmap for creating safer environments for survivors and working towards the complete eradication of domestic violence.
Keywords : Domestic Violence, Women Rights, Pakistan, Laws, Society
Authored by :
(1) Farhana Aziz Rana
Assistant Professor, Department of Law, University of Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Waqas Rafiq
Lecturer, Department of Law, University of Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Ali Shahid
LLM Scholar, Department of Law, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
Television advertisements are fundamental in our society and have been the subject of analysis by several analysts and researchers interested in studying gender roles and stereotypes. This research article aims to explore the nature of men-women interaction in Pakistani TV advertisements and examine what issues arise from it, using Fairclough’s 3-dimensional discourse analysis model on a sample of 7 advertisements. Based on the findings, a questionnaire-type survey was conducted to understand further the effect of gender roles, their representation and relationships on the audience’s perception. The research reveals that Pakistani TV advertisements promote and challenge gender stereotypes,moving towards gender neutrality. This research provides analysts with a new outlook to analyze advertisements that not just reveal dominant/submissive relationships but also a healthy, positive and cooperative relationship between husband and wife.
Keywords : Gender Roles, Interaction, Men, Stereotypes, TV Advertisements, Women
Authored by :
(1) Fajer Tanveer
Undergraduate student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Zunaira Mateen
Undergraduate student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Sabboor Hussain
Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
In the current media-dominated era, social media significantly impacts the lifestyles and perceptions of females, profoundly influencing their thoughts through its content. This study, "Relationship between Social Media Usage on the Academic Performance of Female Students," delves into the frequency and type of media content employed by female university students, examining its impact on academic performance—specifically, the enhancement or decline in GPA and CGPA. Utilizing a survey approach and simple random sampling, the study analyses responses to statements such as "Excessive usage of social media affects the academic performance of university students." Findings reveal that 12.0% strongly agreed, 44.7% agreed, 26.7% were neutral, 14.3% disagreed, and 2.3% strongly disagreed with this statement. Similarly, regarding the statement "Social media sites detract university students from academic goals," 18.7% strongly agreed, 44.7% agreed, 25.7% were neutral, 8.7% disagreed, and 2.3% strongly disagreed.
Keywords : Social Media, Female Students, Academic Performance, Media Content, Survey Method, University, GPA, CGPA
Authored by :
(1) Ashraf Iqbal
Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Maiha Kamal
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Usman Idrees
M.Phil., Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Global Sociological Review (GSR) is published by Humanity Publications, a leading publishing house in Pakistan in research and analytics, that assists researchers in advancing research outcomes for societal benefit. To wipe out societal ills and to add the humanity by boosting up measures among the individuals of the global society. GSR intends to promote qualitative and quantitative researches and findings with the help of newly emerging tools and patterns utilized in experiments, observations, interviews, analysis and surveys by encircling all major segments of Sociological Studies and Interdisciplinary academic and research disciplines. GSR is a annually published, double-blind peer-reviewed research journal which encompasses major disciplines of Sociological Studies.
